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. 2014 Jan;30(1):13-6.
doi: 10.4103/0970-1591.124199.

Evaluation of a 3D system based on a high-quality flat screen and polarized glasses for use by surgical assistants during robotic surgery

Kazushi Tanaka  1 , Katsumi Shigemura  1 , Takeshi Ishimura  1 , Mototsugu Muramaki  1 , Hideaki Miyake  1 , Masato Fujisawa  1
Affiliations

Evaluation of a 3D system based on a high-quality flat screen and polarized glasses for use by surgical assistants during robotic surgery

Kazushi Tanaka et al. Indian J Urol. 2014 Jan.

Abstract

Introduction: One of the main benefits of robotic surgery is the surgeon's three-dimensional (3D) vision system. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 3D vision using a flat screen and polarized glasses for surgical skills during robotic surgeries.

Materials and methods: In an experimental model, six surgeons performed three surgical tasks with laparoscopic devices using a standard 2D and a flat-screen 3D model with polarized glasses. Performance times were compared between two-dimensional (2D) and 3D vision for each task. The surgeons also graded the efficiency of the 3D system, on a subjective scale of 0-100.

Results: Performance times for task 1 (seven holes) and 2 (elastic bands) were significantly reduced by 84% and 56% using 3D compared with a 2D system and experienced surgeons performed all three tasks faster in 3D than 2D. The surgeons reported the polarized glasses were comfortable to wear and direct vision was seldom affected.

Conclusions: The use of 3D visualization seems to improve the efficiency of surgical skills during robotic surgery and reduce performance time for characteristic surgical procedure tasks.

Keywords: Experimental model; surgical skill; three-dimensional vision.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Experimental surgical procedure-related tasks. Panel a: 3-0 Monocryl was passed through seven holes (task 1). Panel b: Nine small elastic bands were transferred from one cylinder to others. Panel c: Continuous suture using 3-0 Vicryl through eight holes
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparison between experienced surgeons and novice surgeons for task 1 (hole), task 2 (elastic band) and task 3 (suturing). Experienced surgeons (black bars) showed significantly faster performance times in all three tasks compared to novice surgeons (white bars) using the three-dimensional system (P < 0.001) even though only suturing (P < 0.001) was significantly better with experienced compared to novice surgeons using the two-dimensional system
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