Deoxyribonucleic acid repair gene X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 polymorphisms and non-carcinogenic disease risk in different populations: A meta-analysis

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to assess a meta-analysis of the association of X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) polymorphisms with the risk of various non-carcinogenic diseases in different population.

Materials and methods: This meta-analysis was performed by critically reviewing reveals 38 studies involving 10043 cases and 11037 controls. Among all the eligible studies, 14 focused on Arg194Trp polymorphism, 33 described the Arg399Gln and three articles investigated on Arg280His. Populations were divided into three different ethnic subgroups include Caucasians, Asians and other (Turkish and Iranian).

Results: Pooled results showed no correlation between Arg194Trp and non-carcinogenic disease. There was only weak relation in the recessive (odds ratio [OR] =1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86-1.44) model in Asian population and dominant (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.66-1.63) model of other populations. In Arg399Gln polymorphism, there was no relation with diseases of interest generally. In the pooled analysis, there were weak relation in the dominant (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.86-1.35) model of Asian population and quite well-correlation with recessive (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.19-1.88), dominant (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.94-1.62), and additive (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.94-1.62) models of other subgroup. For Arg280His, there was a weak relation only in the dominant model (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.74-1.51).

Conclusion: The present meta-analysis correspondingly shows that Arg399Gln variant to be associated with increased non-carcinogenic diseases risk through dominant and recessive modes among Iranian and Turkish population. It also suggests a trend of dominant and recessive effect of Arg280His variant in all population and its possible protective effect on non-carcinogenic diseases.

Keywords: Arg194Trp; Arg280His; Arg399Gln; X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 gene; ethnicity; non-carcinogenic diseases; polymorphisms.

Figure 1

Flowchart of eligible studies

Figure 2

Forest plots of odds ratios with 95% confidence interval for X - ray repair cross - complementing group 1 polymorphisms and risk of Non - carcinogenic disease. (a) Recessive model of Arg194Trp (Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg), (b) dominant model (Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg + Arg/Trp) and (c) additive model (Trp/Trp + Arg/Trp vs. Arg/Arg)

Figure 3

Forest plots of odds ratios with 95% confidence interval for X - ray repair cross - complementing group 1 polymorphisms and risk of non - carcinogenic disease (right) recessive model of Arg194Trp (Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg), (middle) dominant model (Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg+ Arg/Trp) and (left) additive model (Trp/Trp + Arg/Trp vs. Arg/Arg); first row is a subgroup analysis in Caucasian population under an fixed - effects (FEs) model (a - c); second row is a subgroup analysis in Asian population under an FEs model (d - f); third row is a subgroup analysis as other population under an FEs model (g and i) and random-effects

Figure 4

Forest plots of odds ratios with 95% confidence interval for X - ray repair cross - complementing group 1 polymorphisms and risk of non - carcinogenic disease. (a) Recessive model of Arg399Gln (Gln/Gln vs. Arg/Arg), (b) dominant model (Gln/Gln vs. Arg/Arg + Arg/Gln) and (c) additive model (Gln/Gln + Arg/Gln vs. Arg/Arg)

Figure 5

Forest plots of odds ratios with 95% confidence interval for X - ray repair cross - complementing group 1 polymorphisms and risk of non - carcinogenic disease (right) recessive model of Arg399Gln (Gln/Gln vs. Arg/Arg), (middle) dominant model (Gln/Gln vs. Arg/Arg+ Arg/Gln) and (left) Additive model (Gln/Gln + Arg/Gln vs. Arg/Arg); first row is a subgroup analysis in Caucasian population under an fixed - effects (FEs) model (a - c); second row is a subgroup analysis in Asian population under an FEs model (d - f); third row is a subgroup analysis in other population under an FEs model (g-i)

Figure 6

Forest plots of odds ratios with 95% confidence interval for X - ray repair cross - complementing group 1 polymorphisms and risk of Non - carcinogenic disease. (a) Recessive model of Arg280His (His/His versus Arg/Arg), (b) dominant model (His/His vs. Arg/Arg + Arg/His) and (c) additive model (His/His + Arg/His vs. Arg/Arg)

Figure 7

Begg's funnel plot of the Egger's test of allele comparison for publication bias. (a) Additive model of Arg194Trp (Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg), (b) dominant model (Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg+ Arg/Trp) and (c) recessive model (Trp/Trp + Arg/Trp vs. Arg/Arg)

Figure 8

Begg's funnel plot of the Egger's test of allele comparison for publication bias (top) additive model of Arg194Trp (Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg), (middle) dominant model (Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg+ Arg/Trp) and (bottom) recessive model (Trp/Trp + Arg/Trp vs. Arg/Arg); first row is a subgroup analysis in Caucasian population (a - c); second row is a subgroup analysis in Asian population (d - f); Third row is a subgroup analysis in other population (g - i)

Figure 9

Begg's funnel plot of the Egger's test of allele comparison for publication bias (top) (right) additive model of Arg399Gln (Gln/Gln vs. Arg/Arg), (middle) dominant model (Gln/Gln vs. Arg/Arg+ Arg/Gln) and (bottom) recessive model (Gln/Gln + Arg/Gln vs. Arg/Arg)

Figure 10

Begg's funnel plot of the Egger's test of allele comparison for publication bias (top) (right) additive model of Arg399Gln (Gln/Gln vs. Arg/Arg), (middle) dominant model (Gln/Gln vs. Arg/Arg + Arg/Gln) and (bottom) Recessive model (Gln/Gln + Arg/Gln versus Arg/Arg); First row is a subgroup analysis in Caucasian population (a - c); second row is a subgroup analysis in Asian population (d - f); third row is a subgroup analysis in other population (g - i)

Figure 11

Begg's funnel plot of the Egger's test of allele comparison for publication bias. (a) Additive model of Arg280His (Gln/Gln vs. Arg/Arg), (His/His vs. Arg/Arg), (b) dominant model (His/His vs. Arg/Arg + Arg/His) and (c) additive model (His/His + Arg/His vs. Arg/Arg)

Figure 12

Mean of Arg allele frequencies for non-carcinogenic diseases between different populations