Physiological responses to 90 s all out isokinetic sprint cycling in boys and men

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the VO2 kinetic and mechanical power responses of boys and men to all out 90 s sprint cycle exercise. Eight boys (14.6 ± 0.3 y) and eight men (33.8 ± 6.5 y) volunteered to participate and completed a ramp test (to determine VO2peak and ventilatory threshold, VT) and then on subsequent days, two 90 s all out cycle sprints on an isokinetic cycle ergometer. During each test, breath-by-breath pulmonary gas exchange and power output were measured. Parameters from the power output profiles were derived from the average response of the two tests including peak power (PP, highest power output in 1 s), end power (EP60-90, power over the last 30 s), and mean power over the 90 s (MP90). Independent pairwise and dependent t-tests were used to compare the data from tests between adults and boys subject groups. Significant differences between adults and boys were found for absolute PP (881.4 ± 60.7 vs 533.6 ± 50.7 W), EP60-90 (288.6 ± 25.7 vs 134.3 ± 17.6 W) and MP90 (434.5 ± 27.4 vs 238.4 ± 17.3 W, p =0.001) respectively. Relative to body mass significant differences between adults and boys were found for EP60-90, MP90 and total work (p < 0.002). The boys attained 90 s VO2 values that were closer to VO2peak than their adult counterparts (93.3 ± 2.6 vs 84.9 ± 2.3 %, p = 0.03). They also demonstrated faster VO2 kinetics (10.8 ± 1.5 vs 17.6 ± 1.0 s, p < 0.01). In conclusion, during all out 90 s cycle sprinting boys were able to attain VO2 values that were closer to VO2peak and a faster time constant than adult men. These findings provide insight into the contribution and speed of response of the aerobic system during an 'anaerobic' test. Key PointsThe results of this study confirm the significant contributions of the aerobic energy systems during so called 'anaerobic tests'.Boys were able to attain VO2 values from an all out 90 s sprint cycle that were closer to their aerobic VO2 peak test than adults. More detailed studies are required to investigate the limiting factors that prevent VO2 peak being reached in an all out sprint cycle.All out tests of a duration > 30 s and coupled with gas and power analyses offer paediatric physiologists considerable scope to examine the contributions of the anaerobic and aerobic energy systems until more ethically viable methods are found.

Keywords: VO2peak; aerobic; anaerobic; ergometry; kinetics.

Figure 1.

Oxygen uptake response during 90 s maximal isokinetic cycling for one man (filled circle) and boy (empty circle).

Figure 2.

Power output response to 90 s maximal isokinetic cycling for one typical man (filled circle) and boy (empty circle).

Figure 3.

Schematic showing the determination of AWC.