Optical methods for the measurement and manipulation of cytosolic calcium signals in neutrophils

Abstract

The measurement and manipulation of cytosolic free Ca(2+) of neutrophils is crucial for investigating the mechanisms within living neutrophils which generate Ca(2+) signals and the cellular responses triggered by them. Optical methods for this are the most applicable for neutrophils and are discussed here, especially the use of fluorescent indicators of Ca(2+) and photoactivation of reagents involved in Ca(2+) signaling. Both of these synthetic agents can be loaded into neutrophils as lipid-soluble esters or can be microinjected into the cell. In this chapter, we will outline some of the techniques that have been used to monitor, visualize, and manipulate Ca(2+) in neutrophils.