Cholesterol, lipoproteins, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein, and other risk factors for atherosclerosis

Abstract

Coronary heart disease is a common and costly epidemic in the Western world. Intensive study has led to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of coronary disease and risk stratification. Traditional risk factor assessment has focused on parameters derived from the Framingham Heart Study (age, hypertension, cholesterol, family history, and cigarette smoking). New emerging risk factors, both biological and genetic, are reshaping the understanding of heart disease and the approach to risk stratification. As these emerging assays become more standardized, automated, and inexpensive to perform, they are becoming increasingly important tools in the assessment and treatment of coronary heart disease.

Keywords: Apolipoprotein E; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Cardiac markers; Cholesterol biomarker; High-sensitivity CRP; Laboratory medicine; Lipoprotein.