Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: pseudotumor cerebri

Abstract

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is most often diagnosed in young obese females of childbearing years. The diagnosis is made based on the modified Dandy criteria and the exclusion of alternate causes of raised intracranial pressure.

Results: The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the diagnosis and treatment options for patients with IIH. There are long-term consequences for patients experiencing IIH, with visual loss being the most serious.

Conclusion: We conclude that the diagnosis of IIH is not usually difficult. An ophthalmologic examination is essential in patients with IIH to monitor visual function. A neurologist or neurosurgeon may be needed at some point for medical and/or surgical intervention.

Keywords: Dandy criteria; cerebrospinal fluid; idiopathic intracranial hypertension; increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure; pseudotumor cerebri.