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. 2014 Feb 12:14:36.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-36.

Antagonistic lactic acid bacteria isolated from goat milk and identification of a novel nisin variant Lactococcus lactis

Luana Martins Perin, Luís Augusto Nero  1
Affiliations

Antagonistic lactic acid bacteria isolated from goat milk and identification of a novel nisin variant Lactococcus lactis

Luana Martins Perin et al. BMC Microbiol. .

Abstract

Background: The raw goat milk microbiota is considered a good source of novel bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains that can be exploited as an alternative for use as biopreservatives in foods. The constant demand for such alternative tools justifies studies that investigate the antimicrobial potential of such strains.

Results: The obtained data identified a predominance of Lactococcus and Enterococcus strains in raw goat milk microbiota with antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644. Enzymatic assays confirmed the bacteriocinogenic nature of the antimicrobial substances produced by the isolated strains, and PCR reactions detected a variety of bacteriocin-related genes in their genomes. Rep-PCR identified broad genetic variability among the Enterococcus isolates, and close relations between the Lactococcus strains. The sequencing of PCR products from nis-positive Lactococcus allowed the identification of a predicted nisin variant not previously described and possessing a wide inhibitory spectrum.

Conclusions: Raw goat milk was confirmed as a good source of novel bacteriocinogenic LAB strains, having identified Lactococcus isolates possessing variations in their genomes that suggest the production of a nisin variant not yet described and with potential for use as biopreservatives in food due to its broad spectrum of action.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Dendogram generated after cluster analysis of rep-PCR fingerprints of bacteriocinogenic Lactococcus spp. obtained from raw goat milk. Clusters are indicated by numbers. Presence (+) or absence (-) of bacteriocin encoding genes are also indicated.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dendogram generated after cluster analysis of rep-PCR fingerprints of bacteriocinogenic Enterococcus spp. obtained from raw goat milk. Clusters are indicated by numbers. Presence (+) or absence (-) of bacteriocin encoding genes are also indicated.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Amino-acid sequences of a novel nisin variants deduced by the sequencing of nisin region from nine Lactococcus spp. strains obtained from raw goat milk and compared to the sequences of nisin A, Z, Q, F and U. The leader peptide is composed by 23 amino-acids, followed by amino-acids representing the mature peptide. Amino-acids highlighted in grey indicate variations when compared to the nisin A (the first nisin variation to be discovered) references. The complete amino-acid sequencesfrom the 9 wild strains have been deposited in GenBank (accession numbers KF146295 to KF146303, respectively).
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