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. 2013 Fall;12(4):759-67.

Triterpenes and Steroids from Euphorbia denticulata Lam. With Anti-Herpes Symplex Virus Activity

Sara Shamsabadipour  1 , Mustafa Ghanadian  2 , Hojjatollah Saeedi  3 , Mohammad Reza Rahimnejad  3 , Marzieh Mohammadi-Kamalabadi  4 , Seyed Majid Ayatollahi  5 , Loghman Salimzadeh  6
Affiliations

Triterpenes and Steroids from Euphorbia denticulata Lam. With Anti-Herpes Symplex Virus Activity

Sara Shamsabadipour et al. Iran J Pharm Res. 2013 Fall.

Abstract

In this research, dried acetone:chloroform extract of aerial parts of E. denticulata as one of the endemic plants to Iran, afforded a number of triterpenes and steroids including: betulin, 24-methylene-cycloart-3-ol, cycloart-23Z-ene-3β,25-diol, cycloart-23E-ene-3β,25- diol, ergosta-8,24-dien-3-ol (obtusifoliol) and beta-sitosterol which were reported for the first time from this plant. The structure of these compounds was elucidated by NMR and mass spectroscopic methods. The MTS assay was used to determine the toxicity and antiviral activity of betulin and (3β,23E)-cycloarta-23-ene-3,25-diol. Betulin showed anti-HSV-1 activity with EC50 value of 84.37±0.02 μg/mL, and toxicity on normal vero cells with CC50 value of 660.718±0.072 μg/mL. (3β,23E)-Cycloarta-23-ene-3,25-diol showed antiviral effect with EC50 value of 86.63±0.03 μg/mL, and toxicity with CC50 value of 1089.21±0.25 μg/mL. The results revealed that these two compounds have the antiviral activity far below the CC50 value with selectivity index (CC50/EC50) values of 7.83, and 12.57, respectively.

Keywords: Euphorboa denticulate; anti- HSV-1 activity; cycloartanes; steroids; toxicity; triterpenes.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Triterpenes and steroids from Euphorbia denticulate
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flowchart representative of extraction and purification processes of triterpenes and steroids from Euphorbia denticulata
Figure 3
Figure 3
Inhibitory effect of test compounds at different concentrations (1, 10, 100 μg/mL) at various times pre-infection , co-infection and post-infection of herpesvirus (HSV-1) to Vero cells. a) betulin, and b) (3β,23E)-Cycloarta-23-ene-3,25-diol were added with the HSV-1 infected Vero cells at various times period like pre-infection (− 1 h), co-infection (0 h) or post-infection( 2-24 h). After 3 days of incubation at 37°C, inhibition was evaluated by MTS assay and expressed as the inhibition percentage. Each point represents the mean of three independent experiments
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