Photocontrol of anthocyanin formation in turnip seedlings : III. The photoreceptors involved in the responses to prolonged irradiation

Abstract

The substitution of far-red for the first six hours of a prolonged irradiation with red light resulted in a large increase in anthocyanin yield, which was greater than the combined yields from far-red and red when the two treatments were given separately. When intermittent far-red irradiation was followed by a single short exposure to red, a considerable amount of anthocyanin was formed, although each treatment given separately had little effect. Four hours continuous far-red alone yielded some anthocyanin and also resulted in a further large increase in the effect of a short red treatment; this terminal red effect was fully reversible by a subsequent brief exposure to far-red. It is concluded that at least two photochemical reactions are involved in the responses to red and far-red, the first leading to the formation of substrate(s) used in the second reaction.When red light preceded exposure to the far-red/red irradiation sequence, the far-red enhancement effect was almost entirely lost and the anthocyanin yield approached that in red light. The effect of the red pre-irradiation treatment is attributed to destruction of phytochrome and it is suggested that phytochrome is the only pigment mediating anthocyanin synthesis in red and far-red. A possible interpretation is that the "high-energy" reaction in far-red and the low energy red/far-red reversible reaction are mediated by different forms of phytochrome.The substitution of blue for the first six hours of a prolonged irradiation with red light also resulted in a synergistic increase in anthocyanin yield; the enhancement effect of blue light was, however, not prevented by prior exposure to red. It is concluded that phytochrome is not the only pigment mediating the reactions occurring in blue light. The synergism between blue and red suggests that the "high-energy" reaction in blue light may lead to the production of substrates for phytochrome action.