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. 2014 Feb 24:11:36.
doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-11-36.

Evaluation of respiratory syncytial virus group A and B genotypes among nosocomial and community-acquired pediatric infections in Southern Brazil

Fernanda de-Paris  1 , Caroline Beck, Luciana de Souza Nunes, Alice Beatriz Mombach Pinheiro Machado, Rodrigo Minuto Paiva, Denise da Silva Menezes, Márcia Rosane Pires, Rodrigo Pires dos Santos, Ricardo de Souza Kuchenbecker, Afonso Luis Barth
Affiliations

Evaluation of respiratory syncytial virus group A and B genotypes among nosocomial and community-acquired pediatric infections in Southern Brazil

Fernanda de-Paris et al. Virol J. .

Abstract

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract illness in children worldwide. Molecular analyses show two distinct RSV groups (A and B) that comprise different genotypes. This variability contributes to the capacity of RSV to cause yearly outbreaks. These RSV genotypes circulate within the community and within hospital wards. RSV is currently the leading cause of nosocomial respiratory tract infections in pediatric populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the G protein gene diversity of RSV amplicons.

Methods: Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected from children with nosocomial or community-acquired infections. Sixty-three RSV samples (21 nosocomial and 42 community-acquired) were evaluated and classified as RSV-A or RSV-B by real-time PCR. Sequencing of the second variable region of the G protein gene was performed to establish RSV phylogenetics.

Results: We observed co-circulation of RSV-A and RSV-B, with RSV-A as the predominant group. All nosocomial and community-acquired RSV-A samples were from the same phylogenetic group, comprising the NA1 genotype, and all RSV-B samples (nosocomial and community-acquired) were of the BA4 genotype. Therefore, in both RSV groups (nosocomial and community-acquired), the isolates belonged to only one genotype in circulation.

Conclusions: This is the first study to describe circulation of the NA1 RSV genotype in Brazil. Furthermore, this study showed that the BA4 genotype remains in circulation. Deciphering worldwide RSV genetic variability will aid vaccine design and development.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Phylogenetic trees for RSV-A (A) and RSV-B (B) nucleotide sequences based on the second variable region of the G protein, using the neighbor-joining method and MEGA version 5.05. Reference strains (AF013254 for group A and AY911262 for group B) were used as outgroup sequences in the tree. Scale bars show that the proportion of nucleotide substitutions and numbers at each branch are bootstrap values determined from 1,000 iterations. Only bootstrap values with > 70% significance are shown. In phylogenetic tree for RSV-A (A)–sequences identical to POA/193C/10 were POA/336H/10 and POA/344H/10; sequences identical to POA/66C/10 were POA/335C/10 and POA/312H/10; sequence identical to POA/45A-H/10 was POA/96H/10; sequences identical to POA/15H/10 were POA/169H/10, POA187C/10, POA/166H/10, POA144C/10, POA/136C/10, POA/124C/10, POA/106C/10, POA/62C/10, POA/18C/10, POA/1C/10, POA/203H/10, POA/229C/10, POA/254H/10, POA/278C/10, POA/300C/10, POA/316C/10, POA/354C/10, POA/359H/10 and POA/33H/10; sequence identical to POA/155C/10 was POA171C/10; sequences identical to POA/63H/10 were POA/114H/10, POA/179C/10 and POA/211C/10. In phylogenetic tree for RSV-B (B)–sequence identical to POA/59C/10 was POA/121C/10; sequences identical to POA/16H/10 were POA/73H/10, POA/56H/10 and POA/57H/10.
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References

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