Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2014 Jan;55(1):1-4.
doi: 10.3340/jkns.2014.55.1.1. Epub 2014 Jan 31.

Mortality and real cause of death from the nonlesional intracerebral hemorrhage

Ki-Dae Kim  1 , Chul-Hoon Chang  1 , Byung-Yon Choi  1 , Young-Jin Jung  1
Affiliations

Mortality and real cause of death from the nonlesional intracerebral hemorrhage

Ki-Dae Kim et al. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2014 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: The case fatality rate of nonlesional intracerebral hemorrhage (n-ICH) was high and not changed. Knowing the causes is important to their prevention; however, the reasons have not been studied. The aims of this study were to determine the cause of death, to improve the clinical outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive cases of nonlesional intracerebral hemorrhage in a prospective stroke registry from January 2010 to December 2010.

Results: Among 174 patients (61.83±13.36, 28-90 years), 29 patients (16.7%) died during hospitalization. Most common cause of death was initial neurological damage (41.4%, 12/29). Seventeen patients who survived the initial damage may then develop various potentially fatal complications. Except for death due to the initial neurological sequelae, death associated with immobilization (such as pneumonia or thromboembolic complication) was the most common in eight cases (8/17, 47.1%). However, death due to early rebleeding was not common and occurred in only 2 cases (2/17, 11.8%). Age, initial Glasgow Coma Scale, and diabetes mellitus were statistically significant factors influencing mortality (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Mortality of n-ICH is still high. Initial neurological damage is the most important factor; however, non-neurological medical complications are a large part of case fatality. Most cases of death of patients who survived from the first bleeding were due to complications of immobilization. These findings have implications for clinical practice and planning of clinical trials. In addition, future conduct of a randomized study will be necessary in order to evaluate the benefits of early mobilization for prevention of immobilization related complications.

Keywords: Cause of death; Intracerebral hemorrhage.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Balami JS, Buchan AM. Complications of intracerebral haemorrhage. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11:101–118. - PubMed
    1. Balami JS, Chen RL, Grunwald IQ, Buchan AM. Neurological complications of acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet Neurol. 2011;10:357–371. - PubMed
    1. Bamford J, Dennis M, Sandercock P, Burn J, Warlow C. The frequency, causes and timing of death within 30 days of a first stroke : the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1990;53:824–829. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bernhardt J, Dewey H, Thrift A, Donnan G. Inactive and alone : physical activity within the first 14 days of acute stroke unit care. Stroke. 2004;35:1005–1009. - PubMed
    1. Broderick JP, Brott TG, Tomsick T, Barsan W, Spilker J. Ultra-early evaluation of intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg. 1990;72:195–199. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources