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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2014 Jan 16:2014:598293.
doi: 10.1155/2014/598293. eCollection 2014.

Effectiveness of a single education and counseling intervention in reducing anxiety in women undergoing hysterosalpingography: a randomized controlled trial

Alfredo La Fianza  1 , Caterina Dellafiore  1 , Daniele Travaini  1 , Davide Broglia  2 , Francesca Gambini  2 , Luigia Scudeller  3 , Carmine Tinelli  3 , Edgardo Caverzasi  2 , Natascia Brondino  2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Effectiveness of a single education and counseling intervention in reducing anxiety in women undergoing hysterosalpingography: a randomized controlled trial

Alfredo La Fianza et al. ScientificWorldJournal. .

Abstract

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is generally considered a stressful and painful procedure; we aimed to evaluate whether a single education and counseling intervention could reduce women's distress and pain after undergoing HSG for infertility. Patients were randomized into control group (n = 108) and intervention group (n = 109). All patients filled the following questionnaires before and after HSG: Zung self-rating anxiety scale (Z-SAS), Zung self-rating depression scale (Z-SDS), and an ad hoc questionnaire designed to evaluate HSG procedure knowledge. Pain was scored using a visual analog scale. The intervention consisted in a 45-minute individualised session 48 h before HSG. We observed a reduction of anxiety and depression scores in the intervention arm compared to the control group. After controlling for potential confounding variables, intervention was an independent predictor of the difference of Z-SAS score before and after HSG. This is the first randomised controlled trial to assess the potential effectiveness of a single education and counseling intervention to lower anxiety in a diagnostic setting.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Changes in Zung self-rating anxiety scale (Z-SAS) before and after hysterosalpingography (HSG) in the intervention and the control groups. Scores above 36 identify clinically significant anxiety.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Changes in Zung self-rating depression scale (Z-SDS) before and after hysterosalpingography (HSG) in the intervention and the control groups. Scores above 40 identify clinically significant depression.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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