Mortality risk is dose-dependent on the number of packed red blood cell transfused after coronary artery bypass graft
- PMID: 24598957
- PMCID: PMC4389431
- DOI: 10.5935/1678-9741.20130083
Mortality risk is dose-dependent on the number of packed red blood cell transfused after coronary artery bypass graft
Abstract
Introduction: Transfusions of one or more packed red blood cells is a widely strategy used in cardiac surgery, even after several evidences of increased morbidity and mortality. The world's blood shortage is also already evident.
Objective: To assess whether the risk of mortality is dose-dependent on the number of packed red blood cells transfused after coronary artery bypass graft.
Methods: Between June 2009 and July 2010, were analyzed 3010 patients: transfused and non-transfused. Transfused patients were divided into six groups according to the number of packed red blood cells received: one, two, three, four, five, six or more units, then we assess the mortality risk in each group after a year of coronary artery bypass graft. To calculate the odds ratio was used the multivariate logistic regression model.
Results: The increasing number of allogeneic packed red blood cells transfused results in an increasing risk of mortality, highlighting a dose-dependent relation. The odds ratio values increase with the increased number of packed red blood cells transfused. The death's gross odds ratio was 1.42 (P=0.165), 1.94 (P=0.005), 4.17; 4.22, 8.70, 33.33 (P<0.001) and the adjusted death's odds ratio was 1.22 (P=0.43), 1.52 (P=0.08); 2.85; 2.86; 4.91 and 17.61 (P<0.001), as they received one, two, three, four, five, six or more packed red blood cells, respectively.
Conclusion: The mortality risk is directly proportional to the number of packed red blood cells transfused in coronary artery bypass graft. The greater the amount of allogeneic blood transfused the greater the risk of mortality. The current transfusion practice needs to be reevaluated.
Introdução: Transfusões de uma ou mais unidades de concentrado de hemácias é estratégia amplamente utilizada em cirurgia cardíaca, mesmo após várias evidências de aumento de morbimortalidade. A escassez de sangue no mundo também já é evidente.
Objetivo: Avaliar se o risco de mortalidade é dose-dependente do número de unidades de concentrado de hemácias transfundidas após cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica.
Métodos: Entre junho 2009 e julho 2010, foram analisados 3010 pacientes: transfundidos e não transfundidos. Pacientes hemotransfundidos foram divididos em seis grupos conforme receberam uma, duas, três, quatro, cinco e seis ou mais unidades concentrado de hemácias e, após um ano da cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica, avaliamos o risco de mortalidade em cada grupo. Para obtenção do odds ratio foi utilizado modelo de regressão logística multivariado.
Resultados: Transfusão crescente de unidades de concentrado de hemácias resulta em risco também crescente de mortalidade, evidenciando uma relação dose-reposta. Os valores do odds ratio aumentam com o acréscimo do número de unidades de hemácias alogênicas transfundidas. O risco de ocorrência de óbitos pelo odds ratio bruto foi 1,42 (P=0,165); 1,94 (P=0,005); 4,17; 4,22; 8,70, 33,33 (P<0,001) e o risco de mortalidade pelo odds ratio ajustado foi 1,22 (P=0,43); 1,52 (P=0,08); 2,85; 2,86; 4,91 e 17,61 (P<0,001), conforme receberam transfusão de uma, duas, três, quatro, cinco, seis ou mais unidades concentrado de hemácias, respectivamente.
Conclusão: O risco de mortalidade é diretamente proporcional ao número de unidades de concentrado de hemácias transfundidas em cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Quanto mais sangue alogênico transfundido, maior o risco de mortalidade. A prática transfusional atual precisa ser reavaliada.
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