Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2014 Feb 19:5:16.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00016. eCollection 2014.

Clinical perspectives and fundamental aspects of local cardiovascular and renal Renin-Angiotensin systems

Walmor C De Mello  1 , Edward D Frohlich  2
Affiliations
Review

Clinical perspectives and fundamental aspects of local cardiovascular and renal Renin-Angiotensin systems

Walmor C De Mello et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Evidence for the potential role of organ specific cardiovascular renin-angiotensin systems (RAS) has been demonstrated experimentally and clinically with respect to certain cardiovascular and renal diseases. These findings have been supported by studies involving pharmacological inhibition during ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, cardiac failure; hypertension associated with left ventricular ischemia, myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular hypertrophy; structural and functional changes of the target organs associated with prolonged dietary salt excess; and intrarenal vascular disease associated with end-stage renal disease. Moreover, the severe structural and functional changes induced by these pathological conditions can be prevented and reversed by agents producing RAS inhibition (even when not necessarily coincident with alterations in arterial pressure). In this review, we discuss specific fundamental and clinical aspects and mechanisms related to the activation or inhibition of local RAS and their implications for cardiovascular and renal diseases. Fundamental aspects involving the role of angiotensins on cardiac and renal functions including the expression of RAS components in the heart and kidney and the controversial role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 on angiotensin peptide metabolism in humans, were discussed.

Keywords: arteries and kidney; heart; local renin-angiotensin systems.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Frohlich ED, Re RN, editors. Hypertensive heart diseases: time for new paradigms. In: The Local Cardiac Renin Angiotensin System. New York: Springer; (2006). p. 1–5
    1. Frohlich ED, Re RN, editors. Are local renin angiotensin systems the focal points for understanding salt sensitivity in hypertension? In: The Local Cardiac Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System. 2nd ed New York: Springer; (2009). p. 1–6
    1. De Mello WC, Frohlich ED, editors. Clinical import of the local renin angiotensin aldosterone systems. In: Renin Angiotensin System and Cardiovascular Disease. New York: Humana Press; (2009). p. 7–14
    1. Bader M, Ganten D. Update on tissue renin-angiotensin systems. J Mol Med (Berl) (2008) 86(6):615–21 10.1007/s00109-008-0336-0 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Serneri GGN, Boddi M, Cecioni I, Vanni S, Coppo M, Papa ML, et al. Cardiac angiotensin II formation in the clinical course of heart failure and its relationship with left ventricular function. Circ Res (2001) 88:961–8 10.1161/hh0901.089882 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources