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Comparative Study
. 2014 Sep;84(5):773-81.
doi: 10.2319/072213-534.1. Epub 2014 Mar 7.

Pharyngeal airway space, hyoid bone position, and head posture after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery in Class III patients: long-term evaluation

Ruchengiz Efendiyeva  1 , Halise Aydemir, Hakan Karasu, Ufuk Toygar-Memikoğlu
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Pharyngeal airway space, hyoid bone position, and head posture after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery in Class III patients: long-term evaluation

Ruchengiz Efendiyeva et al. Angle Orthod. 2014 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: (1) To determine the effect of bimaxillary orthognathic surgery on pharyngeal airway, hyoid bone, and craniocervical posture in Class III bimaxillary surgery patients. (2) To evaluate short-term and long-term results. (3) To compare short- and long-term values.

Materials and methods: Twenty-six Class III adult patients treated with bimaxillary surgery were included in the study. Cephalometric records were taken before treatment (T1), before surgery (T2), and 5 months (T3), 1.4 years (T4), 3 years (T5), and 5 years (T6) postsurgery.

Results: No significant differences were identified in craniocervical angulation between time intervals. There was a significant superior movement of hyoid bone at postsurgery (T3; P < .05); however, adaptation occurred to the normal position in the long term. A nonsignificant decrease occurred at the oropharyngeal middle pharyngeal distance parameter; however, this was compensated with a significant increase between T5 and T6 (P < .001). A significant decrease was observed in the hypopharyngeal Go-P parameter between T3 and T1 (P < .01), but it recovered with a nonsignificant increase in the long term. A significant increase in nasopharyngeal area was observed between T3 and T1 (P < .05). The hypopharyngeal area significantly increased between T5 and T6, and PNS-R significantly increased between T3 and T1 (P < .05).

Conclusion: The pharyngeal areas adversely affected after surgery recover at long-term follow-up; thus, adaptation occurs after bimaxillary surgery.

Keywords: Airway; Bimaxillary surgery; Class III; Long-term.

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Figures

Figure 1. Skeletal measurements. (1) SNA. (2) SNB. (3) ANB. (4) GoGnSN. (5) A-VR. (6) A-HR. (7) B-VR. (8) B-HR. Dental measurements. (9) Overjet. (10) Overbite.
Figure 1.
Skeletal measurements. (1) SNA. (2) SNB. (3) ANB. (4) GoGnSN. (5) A-VR. (6) A-HR. (7) B-VR. (8) B-HR. Dental measurements. (9) Overjet. (10) Overbite.
Figure 2. Craniocervical and hyoidal measurements. (1) SN.OPT. (2) SN.CVT. (3) OPT.HR. (4) CVT.HR. (5) OPT.CVT. (6) Hi-VR. (7) Hi-HR.
Figure 2.
Craniocervical and hyoidal measurements. (1) SN.OPT. (2) SN.CVT. (3) OPT.HR. (4) CVT.HR. (5) OPT.CVT. (6) Hi-VR. (7) Hi-HR.
Figure 3. Pharyngeal linear measurements. (1) PNS-R: on the line passing from PNS and R. (2) PPS: palatal pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from PNS, parallel to FHP. (3) SPSS, superior posterior pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from the midpoint of the soft palate, parallel to FHP. (4) MPS, middle pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from P, parallel to FHP. (5) Go-P, gonial pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from Go, parallel to FHP. (6) IPS, inferior pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from cv2a, parallel to FHP. (7) EPS, epiglottic pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from E, parallel to FHP.
Figure 3.
Pharyngeal linear measurements. (1) PNS-R: on the line passing from PNS and R. (2) PPS: palatal pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from PNS, parallel to FHP. (3) SPSS, superior posterior pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from the midpoint of the soft palate, parallel to FHP. (4) MPS, middle pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from P, parallel to FHP. (5) Go-P, gonial pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from Go, parallel to FHP. (6) IPS, inferior pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from cv2a, parallel to FHP. (7) EPS, epiglottic pharyngeal distance: on the line passing from E, parallel to FHP.
Figure 4. Pharyngeal area measurements. (1) Nasopharynx. (2) Oropharynx. (3) Hypopharynx.
Figure 4.
Pharyngeal area measurements. (1) Nasopharynx. (2) Oropharynx. (3) Hypopharynx.
Figure 5. (a) Digital planimeter. (b) Measurement of the areas using a digital planimeter.
Figure 5.
(a) Digital planimeter. (b) Measurement of the areas using a digital planimeter.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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