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. 2014 Sep;23(9):1949-62.
doi: 10.1007/s00586-014-3263-5. Epub 2014 Mar 11.

Giant cell tumors of the sacrum--a nationwide study on midterm results in 26 patients after intralesional excision

L van der Heijden  1 , M A J van de Sande, I C M van der Geest, H W B Schreuder, B J van Royen, P C Jutte, J A M Bramer, F C Öner, A P van Noort-Suijdendorp, H M Kroon, P D S Dijkstra
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Giant cell tumors of the sacrum--a nationwide study on midterm results in 26 patients after intralesional excision

L van der Heijden et al. Eur Spine J. 2014 Sep.

Abstract

Purpose: Evaluation of recurrences, complications and function at mid-term follow-up after curettage for sacral giant cell tumor (GCT).

Methods: We retrospectively studied all 26 patients treated for sacral GCT in the Netherlands (from 1990 to 2010). Median follow-up was 98 (6-229) months. All patients underwent intralesional excision, 21 with local adjuvants, 5 radiotherapy, 3 IFN-α, 1 bisphosphonates. Functional outcome was assessed using Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score. Statistics were performed with Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, log rank and Mann-Whitney U.

Results: Recurrence rate was 14/26 after median 13 (3-139) months and was highest after isolated curettage (4/5). Soft tissue masses >10 cm increased recurrence risk (HR = 3.3, 95 % CI = 0.81-13, p = 0.09). Complications were reported in 12/26 patients. MSTS was superior in patients without complications (27 vs. 21; p = 0.024).

Conclusion: Recurrence rate for sacral GCT was highest after isolated curettage, indicating that (local) adjuvant treatment is desired to obtain immediate local control. Complications were common and impaired function.

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