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. 2014 Aug;53(8):1431-8.
doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu011. Epub 2014 Mar 14.

Primary cardiac disease in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: protective and risk factors--data from a multi-ethnic Latin American cohort

Mercedes A García  1 , Graciela S Alarcón  1 , Gabriela Boggio  1 , Leticia Hachuel  1 , Ana Inés Marcos  1 , Juan Carlos Marcos  1 , Silvana Gentiletti  1 , Francisco Caeiro  1 , Emilia I Sato  1 , Eduardo F Borba  1 , João C Tavares Brenol  1 , Loreto Massardo  1 , José Fernando Molina-Restrepo  1 , Gloria Vásquez  1 , Marlene Guibert-Toledano  1 , Leonor Barile-Fabris  1 , Mary-Carmen Amigo  1 , Guillermo F Huerta-Yáñez  1 , Jorge M Cucho-Venegas  1 , Rosa Chacón-Diaz  1 , Bernardo A Pons-Estel  2 ; Grupo Latino Americano de Estudio del Lupus Eritematoso (GLADEL)
Collaborators, Affiliations

Primary cardiac disease in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: protective and risk factors--data from a multi-ethnic Latin American cohort

Mercedes A García et al. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2014 Aug.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the cumulative incidence, risk and protective factors and impact on mortality of primary cardiac disease in SLE patients (disease duration ≤2 years) from a multi-ethnic, international, longitudinal inception cohort (34 centres, 9 Latin American countries).

Methods: Risk and protective factors of primary cardiac disease (pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis, arrhythmias and/or valvular abnormalities) were evaluated.

Results: Of 1437 patients, 202 (14.1%) developed one or more manifestations: 164 pericarditis, 35 valvulopathy, 23 arrhythmias, 7 myocarditis and 1 endocarditis at follow-up; 77 of these patients also had an episode of primary cardiac disease at or before recruitment. In the multivariable parsimonious model, African/Latin American ethnicity [odds ratio (OR) 1.80, 95% CI 1.13, 2.86], primary cardiac disease at or before recruitment (OR 6.56, 95% CI 4.56, 9.43) and first SLICC/ACR Damage Index for SLE assessment (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.14, 1.50) were risk factors for the subsequent occurrence of primary cardiac disease. CNS involvement (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.25, 0.75) and antimalarial treatment (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.44, 0.89) at or before recruitment were negatively associated with the occurrence of primary cardiac disease risk. Primary cardiac disease was not independently associated with mortality.

Conclusion: Primary cardiac disease occurred in 14.1% of SLE patients of the Grupo Latino Americano de Estudio de Lupus cohort and pericarditis was its most frequent manifestation. African origin and lupus damage were found to be risk factors, while CNS involvement at or before recruitment and antimalarial treatment were protective. Primary cardiac disease had no impact on mortality.

Keywords: antimalarials; cardiac disease; mortality; survival; systemic lupus erythematosus.

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