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. 2014 Spring;25(1):e14-7.
doi: 10.1155/2014/702621.

Mortality related to coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteremia in febrile neutropenia: A cohort study

Regis G Rosa  1 , Rodrigo P Dos Santos  1 , Luciano Z Goldani  1
Affiliations

Mortality related to coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteremia in febrile neutropenia: A cohort study

Regis G Rosa et al. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2014 Spring.

Abstract
in English, French

Background: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are currently the most common isolates recovered from the blood of patients with cancer and febrile neutropenia (FN).

Objectives: To assess the mortality associated with bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by CoNS in cancer patients with FN.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in a single tertiary hospital from October 2009 to August 2011. Follow-ups were performed on all of the adult patients who were admitted to the hematology ward with cancer and FN. Bacteremia caused by CoNS was defined as two positive results of two independent cultures. Twenty-eight days after the onset of FN, the mortality rates of the patients with BSIs caused by CoNS were compared with those of patients with BSIs caused by other pathogens.

Results: A total of 169 subjects were evaluated. During the study period, 78 patients with BSIs were documented. Twenty-three BSIs (29.4%) were a result of CoNS. CoNS-induced bacteremia resulted in lower 28-day mortality compared with bacteremia caused by other pathogens (4.3% versus 32.7%; log-rank P=0.009). In a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, BSIs caused by CoNS were independently associated with lower mortality (HR 0.09 [95% CI 0.01 to 0.74]).

Conclusions: In adult patients with cancer and FN, BSIs caused by CoNS were associated with lower mortality compared with BSIs caused by other pathogens.

Historique: Les staphylocoques à coagulase négative (SCoN) sont les isolats les plus prélevés dans le sang des patients atteints d’un cancer et d’une neutropénie fébrile (NF).

Objectifs: Évaluer la mortalité associée aux infections sanguines (IS) causées par les SCoN chez des patients atteints du cancer ayant une NF.

Méthodologie: Les chercheurs ont mené une étude prospective de cohorte dans un seul hôpital de soins tertiaires entre octobre 2009 et août 2011. Ils ont assuré le suivi de tous les patients adultes atteints d’un cancer et d’une neutropénie fébrile qui avaient été hospitalisés à l’unité d’hématologie. Les bactériémies causées par les SCoN étaient définies comme deux résultats positifs dans deux cultures indépendantes. Vingt-huit jours après l’apparition de la NF, le taux de mortalité des patients atteints d’une IS causée par des SCoN était comparé à celui des patients ayant une IS causée par d’autres pathogènes.

Résultats: Au total, les chercheurs ont évalué 169 sujets. Pendant la période de l’étude, ils ont répertorié 78 patients ayant une IS. Vingttrois IS (29,4 %) étaient causées par un SCoN. La bactériémie induite par un SCoN était responsable d’un taux de mortalité plus faible au bout de 28 jours que celle causée par d’autres pathogènes (4,3 % par rapport à 32,7 %; test de Mantel Haenzel P=0,009). Dans une analyse de régression des hasards proportionnels de Cox, les IS causées par un SCoN étaient associées indépendamment à un taux de mortalité plus faible (rapport de risque 0,09 [95 % IC 0,01 à 0,74]).

Conclusions: Chez des patients adultes atteints du cancer et de NF, les IS causées par un SCoN s’associaient à un taux de mortalité moins élevé que celles causées par d’autres pathogènes.

Keywords: Bacteremia; Fever; Immunocompromised host; Mortality; Neutropenia; Staphylococcus.

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Figures

Figure 1)
Figure 1)
Survival curves of febrile neutropenic patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (CoNS) and BSIs caused by other pathogens
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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