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. 2014 Jan-Mar;7(1):44-50.
doi: 10.1016/j.optom.2013.03.005. Epub 2013 May 16.

Relationships between central and peripheral corneal thickness in different degrees of myopia

Sara Ortiz  1 , Laura Mena  1 , Ana Rio-San Cristobal  1 , Raul Martin  2
Affiliations

Relationships between central and peripheral corneal thickness in different degrees of myopia

Sara Ortiz et al. J Optom. 2014 Jan-Mar.

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between the central corneal thickness (CCT) and mid-peripheral corneal thickness (PCT) with the degree of myopia [axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refractive error (SE)].

Methods: 175 right myopic eyes from 175 patients were divided according to the degree of SE: group #1 (n=76, <6.00 D), group #2 (n=72, between 6.00 and 12.00 D) and group #3 (n=27, >12.00 D). The CCT and PCT (3mm from the apex to the superior, inferior, nasal and temporal locations) were measured with the Orbscan-II. Relative peripheral index (RPI) was calculated by dividing the PCT by the CCT. The AL was measured with the IOL Master, and the SE was obtained with subjective refraction.

Results: AL was 25.18±1.16 mm, 26.59±1.26 mm and 29.45±2.58 mm and SE was -3.31±1.40 D, -8.32±1.64 D and -16.44±4.48 D for groups #1, #2 and #3, respectively. Non-statistically significant differences in central and peripheral corneal thickness were found between groups (P>0.05 ANOVA). Non-significant relationship was found between central and peripheral corneal thickness with the AL and SE in the three study groups and in the total sample (r<0.24; P>0.05). The RPI values were similar between groups without significant difference between groups (P>0.05 ANOVA). Linear relationship was found between RPI superior location in group #2 (r=-0.23; P=0.04) and RPI nasal location in group #3 with the EE (r=0.41; P=0.03).

Conclusion: There are no significant differences among low, moderate and extremely myopic eyes related to the CCT and PCT. Corneal thickness is very similar in myopic eyes with small differences that are not clinically relevant to myopic patient management.

Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre el espesor corneal central (ECC) y el espesor corneal periférico (ECP) con el grado de miopía [longitud axial (LA) y equivalente esférico de la refracción (EE)].

Métodos: Se agrupó a 175 ojos derechos miópicos de 175 pacientes, de acuerdo al grado de EE: grupo #1 (n = 76, <6,00 D), grupo #2 (n = 72, entre 6,00 y 12,00 D) y grupo #3 (n = 27, >12,00 D). Se midieron el ECC y el ECP (3 mm desde el ápex a las localizaciones superior, inferior, nasal y temporal) con Orbscan-II. Se calculó el índice periférico relativo (IPR) dividiendo el ECP por el ECC. La LA se midió utilizando el IOL Master, y se obtuvo el EE mediante refracción subjetiva.

Resultados: La LA fue de 25,18 ± 1,16 mm, 26,59 ± 1,26 mm y 29,45 ± 2.58 mm y el EE fue de -3,31 ± 1,40 D, -8,32 ± 1,64 D y -16,44 ± 4,48 D para los grupos #1, #2 y #3, respectivamente. Se hallaron diferencias no estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a espesor central y periférico corneal entre los grupos (P > 0,05 ANOVA). Se halló una relación no significativa entre el espesor central y periférico corneal y la LA y EE en los tres grupos de estudio y en la muestra total (r < 0,24; P > 0,05). Los valores del IPR fueron similares entre los grupos, sin diferencia significativa entre ellos (P > 0,05 ANOVA). Se halló una relación lineal entre la localización superior del IPR del grupo #2 (r = −0,23; P = 0,04) y la localización nasal del IPR en el grupo #3 con EE (r = 0,41; P = 0,03).

Conclusión: No existen diferencias significativas entre los ojos con miopía baja, moderada y extrema en cuanto a ECC y ECP. El espesor corneal es muy similar en ojos miópicos, con pequeñas diferencias que no son clínicamente relevantes para el tratamiento de los pacientes con miopía.

Keywords: Axial length; Central corneal thickness; Espesor corneal central; Espesor corneal periférico; Longitud axial; Miopía; Myopia; Peripheral corneal thickness; Relative peripheral index; Índice periférico relativo.

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