Current advances in animal model of chondrosarcoma and related research

Abstract

Chondrosarcoma is a type of malignant cartilage tumor with a high local recurrence. Due to its resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, current treatment is limited to surgical resection. Animal model is one of the most important approaches to studying this disease, although systematic reporting on its development is rare. In this review, we summarized the elements involving animal model establishment. On the basis of these elements, we further classified chondrosarcoma animal models into various types. In addition, we compared various measurements for evaluating the animal model. Finally, its specific applications were discussed.

Keywords: allograft; animal model; chondrosarcoma; heterotopic; orthotopic; xenograft.

Figure 1.

Elements and classification of the chondrosarcoma animal model are shown. (A) Experimental animals involved in chondrosarcoma animal model establishment mainly comprise Sprague-Dawley rat and nude mice/severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice. (B) Cell lines for transplantation are mostly divided into animal- and human-derived chondrosarcoma cell lines. (C) Graft sites primarily consist of subcutaneous and tibia intramedullary injection. Allograft model is established by injecting animal-derived chondrosarcoma cell lines into Sprague-Dawley rats. The xenograft model is built by injecting human-derived chondrosarcoma cell lines into nude or SCID mice. Heterotopic and orthotopic models are constructed by subcutaneous and tibia intramedullary injection, respectively.