Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2014 Aug;134(8):2280-2283.
doi: 10.1038/jid.2014.150. Epub 2014 Mar 21.

Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines at the skin interface during Powassan virus transmission

Meghan E Hermance  1 , Saravanan Thangamani  2
Affiliations
Free PMC article

Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines at the skin interface during Powassan virus transmission

Meghan E Hermance et al. J Invest Dermatol. 2014 Aug.
Free PMC article
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
An overview of host gene modulation at 3 and 6 hours post infection (h.p.i.). (a) Number of significantly up- and downregulated genes measured at 3 and 6 h.p.i. during tick infestations of mice with Powassan virus (POWV)-infected Ixodes scapularis nymphs. (b) Venn diagram showing overlap of significantly modulated genes. Each time point/tick infection condition shown is versus a punch biopsy taken from naive, tick-free mice. (c) Top network associated with the 3 h.p.i. host immune response to the uninfected tick feeding versus POWV-infected tick feeding. (d) Top network associated with the 6 h.p.i. host immune response to the uninfected tick feeding versus POWV-infected tick feeding. Note: in panels c and d, red/pink represents upregulated genes; green represents downregulated genes; and gray represents unchanged or nonsignificant genes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Changes in the host immune genes expressed in response to Powassan virus (POWV)-infected versus uninfected tick feeding. Genes that were modulated at both 3 hours post infection (h.p.i.) and 6 h.p.i. were compared for difference in fold-change expression levels. Genes significantly modulated at either 3 or 6 h.p.i. are marked with an asterisk. The following gene groupings were made: (a) chemokines and cytokines, (b) cell death/apoptosis, (c) signal transduction, (d) immune response receptors. A P-value of ⩽0.05 was considered significant and marked with an asterisk. Note: in panels a–d, orange represents genes differentially regulated at 3 h.p.i., blue represents genes differentially regulated at 6 h.p.i.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Alekseev A, Chunikhin S. The experimental transmission of the tick-borne encephalitis virus by ixodid ticks (the mechanisms, time periods, species and sex differences) Parazitologiia. 1990;24:177–185. - PubMed
    1. Ebel G, Kramer L. Short report: duration of tick attachment required for transmission of Powassan virus by deer ticks. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;71:268–271. - PubMed
    1. Fahy O, Porte H, Sénéchal S, et al. Chemokine-induced cutaneous inflammatory cell infiltration in a model of Hu-PBMC-SCID mice grafted with human skin. Am J Pathol. 2001;158:1053–1063. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fielding C, McLoughlin R, McLeod L, et al. IL-6 regulates neutrophil trafficking during acute inflammation via STAT3. J Immunol. 2008;181:2189–2195. - PubMed
    1. Heinze D, Carmical R, Aronson J, et al. Early immunologic events at the tick-host interface. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e47301. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources