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Review
. 2002 Mar 4;1(1):1-14.
eCollection 2002 Mar.

Diabetes, oxidative stress and physical exercise

Mustafa Atalay  1 , David E Laaksonen  1
Affiliations
Review

Diabetes, oxidative stress and physical exercise

Mustafa Atalay et al. J Sports Sci Med. .

Abstract
in English, Turkish

Oxidative stress, an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense capacity of the body, is closely associated with aging and a number of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and diabetic complications. Several mechanisms may cause oxidative insult in diabetes, although their exact contributions are not entirely clear. Accumulating evidence points to many interrelated mechanisms that increase production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species or decrease antioxidant protection in diabetic patients. In modern medicine, regular physical exercise is an important tool in the prevention and treatment of diseases including diabetes. Although acute exhaustive exercise increases oxidative stress, exercise training has been shown to up regulate antioxidant protection. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms of increased oxidative stress in diabetes and with respect to acute and chronic exercise.

Oksidatif stres oksidan oluşumu ve antioksidan savunma arasındaki dengenin oksidanlar yönünde bozulması durumudur. Oksidatif stres; yaşlanma, kanser, kalp hastalıkları, diyabet ve diyabetin komplikasyonları başta olmak üzere pek çok patolojik tablonun ve de yaşlanmanın patogenezi ile yakın ilişkidedir. Diyabette oksidatif stres pek çok mekanizmaya bağli olarak artabilmektedir, ancak bu mekanizmalarin kesin katkısı tam olarak ispatlanabilmiş degildir. Çok sayıdaki deneysel bulgular artan reaktif oksijen ve nitrojen türlerinin oluşumunun ve zayıflayan antioksidan savunmanın bu karmaşık mekanizmaların temelini oluşturduğunu göstermektedir. Düzenli fiziksel aktivite modern tıpta, diabetes de dahil olmak üzere pek çok hastalıkta tedavi ve koruyucu amaçlı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Her ne kadar akut fiziksel egzersiz oksidatif stressi artırsa da, düzenli egzersiz programları antioksidan savunmayı kuvvetlendirmektedir. Bu derlemede diyabette artmış olan oksidatif stres nedenlerini, akut egzersiz ve düzenli fiziksel aktivite yönlerinden özetlemeye çalıştık.

Keywords: Diabetes; antioxidants; physical activity; reactive oxygen species.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Mechanisms for increased oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. ROS; reactive oxygen species, GSH; reduced glutathione, GSSG; oxidized glutathione, GRD; glutathione reductase, GPX; glutathione peroxidase, AR; aldose reductase (modified from Laaksonen and Sen 2000).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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