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Comparative Study
. 2014 Mar;32(1):92-8.
doi: 10.1590/s0103-05822014000100015.

Effects of two programs of exercise on body composition of adolescents with Down syndrome

Bruna Barboza Seron  1 , Renan Alvarenga C Silva  1 , Márcia Greguol  1
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Effects of two programs of exercise on body composition of adolescents with Down syndrome

Bruna Barboza Seron et al. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2014 Mar.

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Objective: To investigate the effects of a 12 week aerobic and resistance exercise on body composition of adolescents with Down syndrome.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study with 41 adolescents with Down syndrome, aged 15.5±2.7 years, divided into three groups: Aerobic Training Group (ATG; n=16), Resisted Training Group (RTG; n=15) and Control Group (CG; n=10). There were two types of training: aerobic, with intensity of 50-70% of the heart rate reserve 3 times/week, and resisted, with intensity of 12 maximum repetitions 2 times week. Both trainings were applied during a 12-week period. The percentage of fat evaluation was performed using plethysmography with Bod Pod® equipment. Waist circumference (WC), body weight and height were also measured. Paired t-test was used to compare variables before and after the exercise program.

Results: The percentage of body fat did not change significantly for both groups that participated in the training intervention. However, CG showed a significant increase in this variable (31.3±7.2 versus 34.0±7.9). On the other hand, body mass index (BMI) and WC were significantly reduced for ATG (BMI: 27.0±4.4 and 26.5±4.2; WC: 87.3±11.1 and 86.2±9.7), while RTG and GC showed no differences in these variables.

Conclusions: The aerobic and resisted training programs maintained body fat levels. ATG significantly reduced BMI and WC measures. Individuals who did not attend the training intervention increased their percentage of fat.

Objetivo:: Analizar los efectos del ejercicio aeróbico y resistido en la composición corporal de adolescentes con síndrome de Down.

Métodos: : Estudio casi experimental con 41 adolescentes con síndrome de Down, con edades de 15,7±2,7 años, divididos en tres grupos: Grupo Entrenamiento Aeróbico (GEA; n=16), Grupo Entrenamiento Resistido (GER; n=15) y Grupo Control (GC; n=10). Se realizaron dos tipos de entrenamiento: el aeróbico, con intensidad de 50 a 70% de la frecuencia cardiaca de reserva, y el resistido, con intensidad de 12 repeticiones máximas. La evaluación del porcentaje de grasa se realizó por pletismografía con equipo Bod Pod(r). Se midieron además las variables antropométricas de circunferencia abdominal (CA), masa corporal y estatura. Los datos fueron inicialmente tratados por estadística descriptiva, utilizando la prueba de t pareada para la comparación de las variables analizadas.

Resultados: : El porcentaje de grasa corporal no se alteró en los grupos que participaron del entrenamiento; sin embargo, el GC presentó aumento significativo de esa variable (31,3±7,2 versus 34,0±7,9). Por otra parte, la CA y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) se redujeron de manera significante para el GEA (IMC: 27,0±4,4 y 26,5±4,2; CA: 87,3±11,1 y 86,2±9,7), mientras que el GER y el GC no presentaron diferencias en esas variables.

Conclusiones: : Los programas de entrenamiento aeróbico y resistido mantuvieron los niveles de grasa corporal y el GEA redujo de modo significativo las medidas de IMC y de CA. Los individuos que no participaron del entrenamiento tuvieron su porcentaje de grasa aumentada.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflito de interesse: nada a declarar

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