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Comment
. 2014 May-Jun;92(5):389-91.
doi: 10.1038/icb.2014.24. Epub 2014 Apr 1.

Asthma and the flu: a tricky two-step

Richard M Locksley  1 , John V Fahy  2
Affiliations
Comment

Asthma and the flu: a tricky two-step

Richard M Locksley et al. Immunol Cell Biol. 2014 May-Jun.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Allergic inflammation and the outcome of influenza virus infection. (a) During acute allergic inflammation, effector Th2 cells contribute cytokines that increase activation and expansion of resident innate RORγt+ lymphoid cells in lung, including γδ-T cells and ILC3, which produces IL-22, a cytokine implicated in epithelial homeostasis in response to injury. Resident ILC2 also releases amphiregulin that may enhance EFGR-mediated preservation of epithelial integrity, thus allowing epithelial cells to increase protective levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which may also contribute to the preservation of epithelial function. (b) During the chronic remodeled phase of allergic lung disease (increased amounts of red collagen), effector Th2 cells are no longer active, and do not contribute to expansion of resident innate and innate-like lymphoid populations. The loss of reparative cytokines like IL-22, amphiregulin and IGF-1 leads to increased viral replication and longer duration of disease.
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