[Bacterial biofilms: their importance in animal health and public health]

Abstract

Bacterial biofilms are structured communities of bacterial cells enclosed in a self-produced polymer matrix that is attached to a surface. Biofilms protect and allow bacteria to survive and thrive in hostile environments. Bacteria within biofilms can withstand host immune responses, and are much less susceptible to antibiotics and disinfectants when compared to their planktonic counterparts. The ability to form biofilms is now considered an attribute of many microorganisms. Diseases associated with biofilms require novel methods for their prevention, diagnosis and treatment; this is largely due to the properties of biofilms. Furthermore, the presence of biofilms on surfaces found at farms, slaughterhouses or food processing plants will have an impact on the efficacy of disinfection protocols. Surprisingly, biofilm formation by bacterial pathogens of veterinary or zoonotic importance has received relatively little attention. The objective of this brief Review article is to bring awareness about the importance of biofilms to animal health stakeholders.(Translated by the authors).

Figure 1

Biofilm produit par une souche de Staphylococcus epidermidis dans un système en microplaque. Image obtenue en microscopie confocale suite à une coloration du biofilm à l’aide de FilmTracer^TM FM^® 1–43.

Figure 2

Étapes de la formation et de la dispersion d’un biofilm bactérien.