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Multicenter Study
. 2014 Dec;38(12):1491-6.
doi: 10.1038/ijo.2014.55. Epub 2014 Apr 3.

Prevalence of obesity was related to HLA-DQ in 2-4-year-old children at genetic risk for type 1 diabetes

J Yang  1 , Å Lernmark  2 , U M Uusitalo  1 , K F Lynch  1 , R Veijola  3 , C Winkler  4 , H E Larsson  2 , M Rewers  5 , J-X She  6 , A G Ziegler  4 , O G Simell  7 , W A Hagopian  8 , B Akolkar  9 , J P Krischer  1 , K Vehik  1 ; TEDDY Study Group
Collaborators, Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Prevalence of obesity was related to HLA-DQ in 2-4-year-old children at genetic risk for type 1 diabetes

J Yang et al. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014 Dec.

Abstract

Objectives: Body size is postulated to modulate type 1 diabetes as either a trigger of islet autoimmunity or an accelerator to clinical onset after seroconversion. As overweight and obesity continue to rise among children, the aim of this study was to determine whether human leukocyte antigen DQ (HLA-DQ) genotypes may be related to body size among children genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Repeated measures of weight and height were collected from 5969 children 2-4 years of age enrolled in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young prospective study. Overweight and obesity was determined by the International Obesity Task Force cutoff values that correspond to body mass index (BMI) of 25 and 30 kg m(-)(2) at age 18.

Results: The average BMI was comparable across specific HLA genotypes at every age point. The proportion of overweight was not different by HL A, but percent obesity varied by age with a decreasing trend among DQ2/8 carriers (P for trend=0.0315). A multivariable regression model suggested DQ2/2 was associated with higher obesity risk at age 4 (odds ratio, 2.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-4.80) after adjusting for the development of islet autoantibody and/or type 1 diabetes.

Conclusions: The HLA-DQ2/2 genotype may predispose to obesity among 2-4-year-old children with genetic risk for type 1 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cross-sectional comparison of body mass index by age and type 1 diabetes high risk HLA genotypes among 5 969 2–4 year old children genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Prevalence of obesity among 5 969 2–4 year old children genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes by age and by type 1 diabetes high risk HLA genotypes. The asterisk denotes a significant declining trend in obesity within the DQ 2/8 genotype (p = 0.0315).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Association between obesity and HLA-DQ genotypes among 5 969 2–4 year old children genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes. Reference group = DQ2/8. Birth weight Z score was created to adjust for country, sex, mother’s height, gestational age and the number of fetuses in the pregnancy (singleton, twin, triplet, etc.) The development of persistent confirmed islet autoantibody and type 1 diabetes diagnosis was also adjusted for in the logistic regression model.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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