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. 2014:2014:839538.
doi: 10.1155/2014/839538. Epub 2014 Feb 16.

Impact assessment of cadmium toxicity and its bioavailability in human cell lines (Caco-2 and HL-7702)

Rukhsanda Aziz  1 , M T Rafiq  2 , Jie Yang  3 , Di Liu  1 , Lingli Lu  1 , Zhenli He  4 , M K Daud  5 , Tingqiang Li  1 , Xiaoe Yang  1
Affiliations

Impact assessment of cadmium toxicity and its bioavailability in human cell lines (Caco-2 and HL-7702)

Rukhsanda Aziz et al. Biomed Res Int. 2014.

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental toxic contaminant, which causes serious health-related problems. In this study, human intestinal cell line (Caco-2 cells) and normal human liver cell line (HL-7702 cells) were used to investigate the toxicity and bioavailability of Cd to both cell lines and to validate these cell lines as in vitro models for studying Cd accumulation and toxicity in human intestine and liver. Results showed that Cd uptake by both cell lines increased in a dose-dependent manner and its uptake by Caco-2 cells (720.15 µg mg(-1) cell protein) was significantly higher than HL-7702 cells (229.01 µg mg(-1) cell protein) at 10 mg L(-1). A time- and dose-dependent effect of Cd on cytotoxicity assays (LDH release, MTT assay) was observed in both Cd-treated cell lines. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and differentiation markers (SOD, GPX, and AKP) of the HL-7702 cells were higher than those of Caco-2 cells, although both of them decreased significantly with raising Cd levels. The results from the present study indicate that Cd above a certain level inhibits cellular antioxidant activities and HL-7702 cells are more sensitive to Cd exposure than Caco-2 cells. However, Cd concentrations <0.5 mg L(-1) pose no toxic effects on both cell lines.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) by HL-7702 and Caco-2 cells after 2 h. Values are presented as mean ± S.D.; n = 3. Different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 by the least significant difference (LSD) test.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of Cd on LDH release in Caco-2 and HL-7702 cells. Multiple range tests were conducted for Caco-2 and HL-7702 cells at different Cd levels after 2 h (a) and 12 h (b). Different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 by the least significant difference (LSD) test. Values are presented as mean ± S.D.; n = 3.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of Cd on MTT assay in Caco-2 and HL-7702 cells. Multiple range tests were conducted for Caco-2 and HL-7702 cells at different Cd levels after 2 h (a) and 12 h (b). Different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 by the least significant difference (LSD) test. Values are presented as mean ± S.D.; n = 3.
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