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Review
. 2014 Feb 17:2014:828131.
doi: 10.1155/2014/828131. eCollection 2014.

Carbon dioxide separation from flue gases: a technological review emphasizing reduction in greenhouse gas emissions

Mohammad Songolzadeh  1 , Mansooreh Soleimani  1 , Maryam Takht Ravanchi  2 , Reza Songolzadeh  3
Affiliations
Review

Carbon dioxide separation from flue gases: a technological review emphasizing reduction in greenhouse gas emissions

Mohammad Songolzadeh et al. ScientificWorldJournal. .

Abstract

Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO2 in the atmosphere is a global warming. Human activities are a major cause of increased CO2 concentration in atmosphere, as in recent decade, two-third of greenhouse effect was caused by human activities. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a major strategy that can be used to reduce GHGs emission. There are three methods for CCS: pre-combustion capture, oxy-fuel process, and post-combustion capture. Among them, post-combustion capture is the most important one because it offers flexibility and it can be easily added to the operational units. Various technologies are used for CO2 capture, some of them include: absorption, adsorption, cryogenic distillation, and membrane separation. In this paper, various technologies for post-combustion are compared and the best condition for using each technology is identified.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Global CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production [23].
Figure 2
Figure 2
U.S. GHG Emissions Allocated to Economic Sectors [2].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Three basic approaches of CO2 capture [29].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Different technologies for CO2 separation [29].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Schematic diagram of CO2 absorption pilot plant.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Schematic layout of CO2 separation block based on the chilled ammonia process [92].
Figure 7
Figure 7
Schematic diagrams of various adsorption cycles, (a) TSA, (b) PSA, (c) VSA, and (d) ESA; thin lines indicated operation streams in regenerated step.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Novel CO2 cryogenic liquefaction and separation system [175].
Figure 9
Figure 9
Schematic axial temperature and corresponding mass deposition profiles for the cryogenic; (a) capture, (b) recovery, and (c) cooling cycles [182].
Figure 10
Figure 10
Plant layout showing the integration of the MCFC in a combined cycle, with cryogenic CO2 separation after oxygen combustion of the cell an anode exhaust [183].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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