The proactive wet-wrap method with diluted corticosteroids versus emollients in children with atopic dermatitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Wet-wrap treatment (WWT) has been advocated as a relatively effective treatment in children with severe atopic dermatitis (AD). WWT often serves as crisis intervention for AD.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate the use of WWT with diluted corticosteroids in comparison with emollient in children with severe AD during 4 weeks in a proactive schedule during which the frequency of corticosteroid applications was tapered.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed in children aged 6 months to 10 years with severe AD (objective SCORAD at least 40 ± 5), comparing WWT with diluted corticosteroids (1:3 mometasone furoate 0.1% ointment and for the face 1:19 mometasone furoate 0.1% ointment under a mask) with emollient (petrolatum 20% in cetomacrogol cream). The primary outcome was improvement of the objective SCORAD; secondary outcomes included Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure and quality-of-life index.

Results: WWT with diluted corticosteroids acted faster and was more efficacious than WWT with emollients. Best results were obtained in age groups 6 to 9 years and 0 to 3 years. The difference in efficacy evaluated by objective SCORAD was significant at all measuring points. This also applied to the quality-of-life index.

Limitations: The study group was relatively small.

Conclusions: WWT for severe AD is an effective therapy option for at least a period of 4 weeks.

Keywords: atopic dermatitis; diluted corticosteroids; eczema; emollients; long-term-intervention; wet-wrap treatment.