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Observational Study
. 2014 Jan-Mar;12(1):31-5.
doi: 10.1590/s1679-45082014ao2949.

Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in female athletes in São Paulo, Brazil

Maíta Poli de Araujo  1 , Henrique Truffa Kleine  1 , Tathiana Rebizzi Parmigiano  1 , Natalia Tavares Gomes  1 , Graziela Pascom Caparroz  1 , Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da Silva  1 , Manoel João Batista Castello Girão  1 , Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori  1
Affiliations
Observational Study

Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in female athletes in São Paulo, Brazil

Maíta Poli de Araujo et al. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2014 Jan-Mar.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Objective: To determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in female athletes.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted including 50 female athletes with mean age of 20 ± 3 years. Colposcopy, pap smear, and polymerase chain reaction for Chlamydia trachomatis, human papillomavirus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were performed. Blood samples were collected to test for the human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, hepatitis B and C. The athletes presenting clinical diseases or conditions identifiable by laboratory tests were treated and followed up in the unit.

Results: Forty-six percent of the participants were unaware of sexually transmitted diseases. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among athletes was 48% (24 cases). Human papillomavirus was the most frequent agent (44%). Considering the human papillomavirus genotypes, subtype 16 was the most prevalent (53%), followed by 11-6 (22%) and 18 (13%). Two athletes tested positive for C. trachomatis. There were no cases diagnosed of infection by N. gonorrhoeae, syphilis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus. However, only 26 athletes had been vaccinated for hepatitis B.

Conclusion: The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in female athletes was high. Primary prevention measures (hepatitis B and human papillomavirus vaccination) and secondary (serology, pap smears) must be offered to this specific group of women. The matter should be further approached in sports.

Objetivo:: Determinar a prevalência de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em mulheres atletas.

Métodos:: Estudo observacional, de corte transversal, que incluiu 50 mulheres atletas com idade média de 20±3 anos. Realizaram-se colposcopia, coleta de colpocitologia oncótica cérvico-vaginal e pesquisa para Chlamydia trachomatis, papilomavírus humano e Neisseria gonorrhoeae, pelo método do reação de cadeia de polimerase. Amostras de sangue foram obtidas para pesquisa de vírus da imunodeficiência humana, sífilis, hepatite B e C. As atletas que apresentaram doenças clínicas ou laboratorialmente identificáveis receberam tratamento e acompanhamento no serviço.

Resultados:: Dentre as participantes, 46% relataram desconhecimento acerca das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. A frequência de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis nas atletas foi de 48% (24 casos). Isoladamente, o papilomavírus humano foi o agente mais frequente (44%). Considerando o tipo de genótipo do papilomavírus humano, o subtipo 16 foi o mais prevalente (53%), seguido do 6-11 (22%) e do 18 (13%). Duas atletas tiveram resultado positivo para C. trachomatis. Não foi diagnosticado nenhum caso de infecção por N. gonorrhoeae, sífilis, hepatite B, hepatite C e vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Contudo, somente 26 atletas haviam sido vacinadas para hepatite B.

Conclusão:: A prevalência de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em mulheres atletas foi elevada. Medidas de prevenção primária (vacinação para hepatite B e papilomavírus humano) e secundária (sorologias e colpocitologia) devem ser fornecidas a esse grupo específico de mulheres. O assunto deve ser abordado no meio desportivo.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: none.

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