Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Multicenter Study
. 2014 Apr 17;9(4):e95323.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095323. eCollection 2014.

Effect of fruit juice on glucose control and insulin sensitivity in adults: a meta-analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials

Bin Wang  1 , Kai Liu  1 , Mantian Mi  1 , Jian Wang  2
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Effect of fruit juice on glucose control and insulin sensitivity in adults: a meta-analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials

Bin Wang et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus has become a worldwide health problem. Whether fruit juice is beneficial in glycemic control is still inconclusive. This study aimed to synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials on fruit juice in relationship to glucose control and insulin sensitivity.

Methods: A strategic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (updated to March, 2014) was performed to retrieve the randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of fruit juice on glucose control and insulin sensitivity. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. Weighted mean differences were calculated for net changes in the levels of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) using fixed- or random-effects model. Prespecified subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the potential heterogeneity.

Results: Twelve trials comprising a total of 412 subjects were included in the current meta-analysis. The numbers of these studies that reported the data on fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR were 12, 5, 3 and 3, respectively. Fruit juice consumption did not show a significant effect on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. The net change was 0.79 mg/dL (95% CI: -1.44, 3.02 mg/dL; P = 0.49) for fasting glucose concentrations and -0.74 µIU/ml (95% CI: -2.62, 1.14 µIU/ml; P = 0.44) for fasting insulin concentrations in the fixed-effects model. Subgroup analyses further suggested that the effect of fruit juice on fasting glucose concentrations was not influenced by population region, baseline glucose concentration, duration, type of fruit juice, glycemic index of fruit juice, fruit juice nutrient constitution, total polyphenols dose and Jadad score.

Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that fruit juice may have no overall effect on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. More RCTs are warranted to further clarify the association between fruit juice and glycemic control.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Flow diagram showing the number of citations retrieved by individual searches of articles included in the review.
HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HOMA-IR, the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Meta-analysis of effects of fruit juice on fasting glucose concentrations.
The result was obtained from a fixed-effects model. Sizes of data markers indicate the weight of each study in this analysis. WMD, weighted mean difference.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Meta-analysis of effects of fruit juice on fasting insulin concentrations.
The result was obtained from a fixed-effects model. Sizes of data markers indicate the weight of each study in this analysis. WMD, weighted mean difference.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Meta-analysis of effects of fruit juice on HbA1c concentrations.
The result was obtained from a fixed-effects model. Sizes of data markers indicate the weight of each study in this analysis. WMD, weighted mean difference.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Meta-analysis of effects of fruit juice on HOMA-IR values.
The result was obtained from a fixed-effects model. Sizes of data markers indicate the weight of each study in this analysis. WMD, weighted mean difference.
Figure 6
Figure 6. Funnel plots for the studies of the association of fruit juice consumption and fasting glucose concentrations.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Whiting DR, Guariguata L, Weil C, Shaw J (2011) IDF diabetes atlas: global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2011 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 94: 311–321. - PubMed
    1. Guariguata L (2012) By the numbers: new estimates from the IDF Diabetes Atlas Update for 2012. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 98: 524–525. - PubMed
    1. Gerstein HC, Santaguida P, Raina P, Morrison KM, Balion C, et al. (2007) Annual incidence and relative risk of diabetes in people with various categories of dysglycemia: a systematic overview and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 78: 305–312. - PubMed
    1. Sherwin R, Jastreboff AM (2012) Year in diabetes 2012: The diabetes tsunami. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97: 4293–4301. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2011.

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources