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Review
. 2014 Apr 1:5:106.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00106. eCollection 2014.

Mn-euvering manganese: the role of transporter gene family members in manganese uptake and mobilization in plants

Amanda L Socha  1 , Mary Lou Guerinot  1
Affiliations
Review

Mn-euvering manganese: the role of transporter gene family members in manganese uptake and mobilization in plants

Amanda L Socha et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

Manganese (Mn), an essential trace element, is important for plant health. In plants, Mn serves as a cofactor in essential processes such as photosynthesis, lipid biosynthesis and oxidative stress. Mn deficient plants exhibit decreased growth and yield and are more susceptible to pathogens and damage at freezing temperatures. Mn deficiency is most prominent on alkaline soils with approximately one third of the world's soils being too alkaline for optimal crop production. Despite the importance of Mn in plant development, relatively little is known about how it traffics between plant tissues and into and out of organelles. Several gene transporter families have been implicated in Mn transport in plants. These transporter families include NRAMP (natural resistance associated macrophage protein), YSL (yellow stripe-like), ZIP (zinc regulated transporter/iron-regulated transporter [ZRT/IRT1]-related protein), CAX (cation exchanger), CCX (calcium cation exchangers), CDF/MTP (cation diffusion facilitator/metal tolerance protein), P-type ATPases and VIT (vacuolar iron transporter). A combination of techniques including mutant analysis and Synchrotron X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy can assist in identifying essential transporters of Mn. Such knowledge would vastly improve our understanding of plant Mn homeostasis.

Keywords: Arabidopsis; manganese; metal transport; rice; synchrotron x-ray fluorescence.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Subcellular localization of putative Mn transporters. A diagram of a plant cell showing the Mn transport pathways in (A) A. thaliana and (B) O. Sativa. Squares, import into the cytosol; Circles, export out of the cytosol; Gray, unknown; Red, ZIP family; Magenta, Calcium-permeable channels; Orange, YSL family; Light blue, CAX family; Dark Blue, CCX family; Yellow, VIT family; Purple, NRAMP family; Brown, P2A-Type ATPase family; Green, CDF/MTP family.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Tissue localization of Mn transporters. The probable role of transporter family members in translocating Mn from the soil into the aerial portion of the plant in A. thaliana. The transporters listed to the left of the cells are not yet localized to a specific tissue.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Elemental distribution of Mn, Zn and Fe in A. thaliana seeds collected using Synchrotron X-Ray Florescence. Two dimensional map of a cross-section of an A. thaliana seed collected at 1 micron resolution at the Advanced Photon Source. Mn (blue), Zn (magenta), and Fe (green) are shown.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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