Contact-free monitoring of circulation and perfusion dynamics based on the analysis of thermal imagery

doi:10.1364/BOE.5.001075

. 2014 Mar 5;5(4):1075-89.

doi: 10.1364/BOE.5.001075. eCollection 2014 Apr 1.

Contact-free monitoring of circulation and perfusion dynamics based on the analysis of thermal imagery

Carina Barbosa Pereira¹, Michael Czaplik², Nikolai Blanik¹, Rolf Rossaint², Vladimir Blazek¹, Steffen Leonhardt¹

Affiliations

¹ Chair for Medical Information Technology, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrs. 20, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
² Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrs. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.

PMID: 24761290
PMCID: PMC3986002
DOI: 10.1364/BOE.5.001075

Contact-free monitoring of circulation and perfusion dynamics based on the analysis of thermal imagery

Carina Barbosa Pereira et al. Biomed Opt Express. 2014.

. 2014 Mar 5;5(4):1075-89.

doi: 10.1364/BOE.5.001075. eCollection 2014 Apr 1.

Authors

Carina Barbosa Pereira¹, Michael Czaplik², Nikolai Blanik¹, Rolf Rossaint², Vladimir Blazek¹, Steffen Leonhardt¹

Affiliations

¹ Chair for Medical Information Technology, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrs. 20, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
² Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrs. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.

PMID: 24761290
PMCID: PMC3986002
DOI: 10.1364/BOE.5.001075

Abstract

Acute circulatory disorders are commonly associated with systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) and sepsis. During sepsis, microcirculatory perfusion is compromised leading to tissue hypoperfusion and potentially to multiple organ dysfunction. In the present study, acute lung injury (ALI), one of the major causes leading to SIRS and sepsis, was experimentally induced in six female pigs. To investigate the progress of body temperature distribution, measurements with a long-wave infrared camera were carried out. Temperature centralization was evidenced during ALI owing to impairments of peripheral perfusion. In addition, statistical analysis demonstrated strong correlations between (a) standard deviation of the skin temperature distribution (SD) and shock index (SI) (p<0.0005), (b) SD and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (p<0.0005), (c) ΔT/Δx and SI (p<0.0005), as well as between (d) ΔT/Δx and MAP (p<0.0005). For clarification purposes, ΔT/Δx is a parameter implemented to quantify the spatial temperature gradient. This pioneering study created promising results. It demonstrated the capacity of infrared thermography as well as of the indexes, SD and ΔT/Δx, to detect impairments in both circulation and tissue perfusion.

Keywords: (040.3060) Infrared; (170.1610) Clinical applications; (170.2655) Functional monitoring and imaging.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

**Fig. 1**
Photography of the experimental setup (1: anesthetized animal; 2: infrared camera; 3: laptop; 4: patient monitoring system (Philips IntelliVue MP 70, Philips Medical Systems, Eindhoven, Netherlands); 5: Ventilator (Siemens 300A Servo Ventilator, Siemens Healthcare, Munich, Germany) and 6: Syringe pumps).

**Fig. 2**
Chronogram representing all the measurement time points (B: Baseline; PL: Post-lavage; ALI: acute lung injury).

**Fig. 3**
Schematic of the experimental setup used in the animal trial.

**Fig. 4**
(a) Thermogram with temperature profile. (b) Graphic representation of the temperature profile (Dash-dot line - blue) as well as of the fitting curve (solid line - gray). ΔT/Δx correspond to the slope of the fitting curve (ΔT/Δx = 0.1160).

**Fig. 5**
Original thermograms at six differing points of time [(a) Baseline, (d) ALI 1, (g) ALI 7, (j) ALI 13, (m) ALI 19, (p) ALI 25]. Thermograms representing ROIs after pre-processing [(b) Baseline, (e) ALI 1, (h) ALI 7, (k) ALI 13, (n) ALI 19, (q) ALI 25]. Histograms representing the relative skin temperature distribution of the ROIs (head, superior limbs and trunk) [(c) Baseline, (f) ALI 1, (i) ALI 7, (l) ALI 13, (o) ALI 19, (r) ALI 25]. Regarding the white frames (e, n, q), they identify regions that were not properly extracted. The blue frame (q) defines a region that was wrongly considered as background.

**Fig. 6**
Boxplots describing the course of (a) Skewness and (b) Kurtosis over the measurement points. The outliers are identified with the number of the corresponding animal (“o” and “*” stand for mild (between 1.5 and 3x interquartile range) and extreme (>3x interquartile range) outliers, respectively).

**Fig. 7**
Boxplots describing the course of (a) Shock index (SI), (b) mean arterial pressure (MAP), (c) standard deviation (SD) and (d) ΔT/Δx over the fifteen measurement points [B (baseline), PL (post-lavage), ALI 1, ALI 3, ALI 5, ALI 7, ALI 9, ALI 11, ALI 13, ALI 15, ALI 17, ALI 19, ALI 21, ALI 23 and ALI 25]. Difference between groups are significant for ΔT/Δx (p<0.0005) and SD (p<0.0005). The outliers are identified with the number of the corresponding animal (“o” and “*” stand for mild (between 1.5 and 3x interquartile range) and extreme (>3x interquartile range) outliers, respectively).

**Fig. 8**
Boxplots describing the course of (a) PF ratio and (b) P_aO₂ over the fifteen measurement points. Difference between groups are significant for P_aO₂ (p=0.006) and PF ratio (p=0.002). The outliers are identified with the number of the corresponding animal (“o” and “*” stand for mild (between 1.5 and 3x interquartile range) and extreme (>3x interquartile range) outliers, respectively).

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

Estimation of breathing rate in thermal imaging videos: a pilot study on healthy human subjects.
Barbosa Pereira C, Yu X, Czaplik M, Blazek V, Venema B, Leonhardt S. Barbosa Pereira C, et al. J Clin Monit Comput. 2017 Dec;31(6):1241-1254. doi: 10.1007/s10877-016-9949-y. Epub 2016 Oct 24. J Clin Monit Comput. 2017. PMID: 27778207
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Stimulation as Alternative Treatment Modality for Wrist and Fingers Spasticity in Poststroke Patients: A Prospective, Open-Label, Preliminary Clinical Trial.
Dymarek R, Taradaj J, Rosińczuk J. Dymarek R, et al. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:4648101. doi: 10.1155/2016/4648101. Epub 2016 Jul 18. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016. PMID: 27504139 Free PMC article.
A pilot study of the Leicester ED medical infrared imaging protocol in fever and sepsis.
Coats TJ, Morsy M, Naseer S, Keresztes K, Hussain S, Dexter K, Sims MR. Coats TJ, et al. PLoS One. 2018 Jul 31;13(7):e0201562. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201562. eCollection 2018. PLoS One. 2018. PMID: 30063766 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Perspective review of optical imaging in welfare assessment in animal-based research.
Pereira C, Kunczik J, Bleich A, Haeger C, Kiessling F, Thum T, Tolba R, Lindauer U, Treue S, Czaplik M. Pereira C, et al. J Biomed Opt. 2019 Jul;24(7):1-11. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.24.7.070601. J Biomed Opt. 2019. PMID: 31286726 Free PMC article. Review.
Contactless monitoring of heart and respiratory rate in anesthetized pigs using infrared thermography.
Barbosa Pereira C, Dohmeier H, Kunczik J, Hochhausen N, Tolba R, Czaplik M. Barbosa Pereira C, et al. PLoS One. 2019 Nov 6;14(11):e0224747. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224747. eCollection 2019. PLoS One. 2019. PMID: 31693688 Free PMC article.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. Dellinger R. P., Levy M. M., Carlet J. M., Bion J., Parker M. M., Jaeschke R., Reinhart K., Angus D. C., Brun-Buisson C., Beale R., Calandra T., Dhainaut J. F., Gerlach H., Harvey M., Marini J. J., Marshall J., Ranieri M., Ramsay G., Sevransky J., Thompson B. T., Townsend S., Vender J. S., Zimmerman J. L., Vincent J. L., “Surviving sepsis campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008,” Intensive Care Med. 34(1), 17–60 (2008).10.1007/s00134-007-0934-2 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Levy M. M., Fink M. P., Marshall J. C., Abraham E., Angus D., Cook D., Cohen J., Opal S. M., Vincent J. L., Ramsay G., SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS , “2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International sepsis definitions conference,” Crit. Care Med. 31(4), 1250–1256 (2003).10.1097/01.CCM.0000050454.01978.3B - DOI - PubMed
1. Odeh M., “Sepsis, septicaemia, sepsis syndrome, and septic shock: the correct definition and use,” Postgrad. Med. J. 72(844), 66 (1996).10.1136/pgmj.72.844.66 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Matthay M. A., Zimmerman G. A., Esmon C., Bhattacharya J., Coller B., Doerschuk C. M., Floros J., Gimbrone M. A., Jr, Hoffman E., Hubmayr R. D., Leppert M., Matalon S., Munford R., Parsons P., Slutsky A. S., Tracey K. J., Ward P., Gail D. B., Harabin A. L., “Future research directions in acute lung injury: summary of a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute working group,” Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 167(7), 1027–1035 (2003).10.1164/rccm.200208-966WS - DOI - PubMed
1. Villar J., Blanco J., Zhang H., Slutsky A. S., “Ventilator-induced lung injury and sepsis: two sides of the same coin?” Minerva Anestesiol. 77(6), 647–653 (2011). - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
- Europe PubMed Central
- PubMed Central
Other Literature Sources
- scite Smart Citations

[1] Dellinger R. P., Levy M. M., Carlet J. M., Bion J., Parker M. M., Jaeschke R., Reinhart K., Angus D. C., Brun-Buisson C., Beale R., Calandra T., Dhainaut J. F., Gerlach H., Harvey M., Marini J. J., Marshall J., Ranieri M., Ramsay G., Sevransky J., Thompson B. T., Townsend S., Vender J. S., Zimmerman J. L., Vincent J. L., “Surviving sepsis campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008,” Intensive Care Med. 34(1), 17–60 (2008).10.1007/s00134-007-0934-2 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Dellinger R. P., Levy M. M., Carlet J. M., Bion J., Parker M. M., Jaeschke R., Reinhart K., Angus D. C., Brun-Buisson C., Beale R., Calandra T., Dhainaut J. F., Gerlach H., Harvey M., Marini J. J., Marshall J., Ranieri M., Ramsay G., Sevransky J., Thompson B. T., Townsend S., Vender J. S., Zimmerman J. L., Vincent J. L., “Surviving sepsis campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008,” Intensive Care Med. 34(1), 17–60 (2008).10.1007/s00134-007-0934-2 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Levy M. M., Fink M. P., Marshall J. C., Abraham E., Angus D., Cook D., Cohen J., Opal S. M., Vincent J. L., Ramsay G., SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS , “2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International sepsis definitions conference,” Crit. Care Med. 31(4), 1250–1256 (2003).10.1097/01.CCM.0000050454.01978.3B - DOI - PubMed

[4] Levy M. M., Fink M. P., Marshall J. C., Abraham E., Angus D., Cook D., Cohen J., Opal S. M., Vincent J. L., Ramsay G., SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS , “2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International sepsis definitions conference,” Crit. Care Med. 31(4), 1250–1256 (2003).10.1097/01.CCM.0000050454.01978.3B - DOI - PubMed

[5] Odeh M., “Sepsis, septicaemia, sepsis syndrome, and septic shock: the correct definition and use,” Postgrad. Med. J. 72(844), 66 (1996).10.1136/pgmj.72.844.66 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[6] Odeh M., “Sepsis, septicaemia, sepsis syndrome, and septic shock: the correct definition and use,” Postgrad. Med. J. 72(844), 66 (1996).10.1136/pgmj.72.844.66 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[7] Matthay M. A., Zimmerman G. A., Esmon C., Bhattacharya J., Coller B., Doerschuk C. M., Floros J., Gimbrone M. A., Jr, Hoffman E., Hubmayr R. D., Leppert M., Matalon S., Munford R., Parsons P., Slutsky A. S., Tracey K. J., Ward P., Gail D. B., Harabin A. L., “Future research directions in acute lung injury: summary of a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute working group,” Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 167(7), 1027–1035 (2003).10.1164/rccm.200208-966WS - DOI - PubMed

[8] Matthay M. A., Zimmerman G. A., Esmon C., Bhattacharya J., Coller B., Doerschuk C. M., Floros J., Gimbrone M. A., Jr, Hoffman E., Hubmayr R. D., Leppert M., Matalon S., Munford R., Parsons P., Slutsky A. S., Tracey K. J., Ward P., Gail D. B., Harabin A. L., “Future research directions in acute lung injury: summary of a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute working group,” Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 167(7), 1027–1035 (2003).10.1164/rccm.200208-966WS - DOI - PubMed

[9] Villar J., Blanco J., Zhang H., Slutsky A. S., “Ventilator-induced lung injury and sepsis: two sides of the same coin?” Minerva Anestesiol. 77(6), 647–653 (2011). - PubMed

[10] Villar J., Blanco J., Zhang H., Slutsky A. S., “Ventilator-induced lung injury and sepsis: two sides of the same coin?” Minerva Anestesiol. 77(6), 647–653 (2011). - PubMed

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Contact-free monitoring of circulation and perfusion dynamics based on the analysis of thermal imagery

Affiliations

Contact-free monitoring of circulation and perfusion dynamics based on the analysis of thermal imagery

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources