Genetic detection of Dobrava-Belgrade hantavirus in the edible dormouse (Glis glis) in central Serbia

Abstract

Hantaviruses are endemic in the Balkans, particularly in Serbia, where sporadic cases and/or outbreaks of hantaviral human disease have been reported repeatedly, and evidenced serologically. Here, we present genetic detection of Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV) hantaviral sequences in wild rodents trapped in central Serbia. All the animals were pre-screened serologically by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) test and only those with a positive finding of hantaviral antigens were further tested by polymerase chain reaction. Of the total of 104 trapped animals, 20 were found to be IF positive and of those three were positive for hantaviral RNA: one Microtus arvalis for Tula virus, and one each of Apodemus agrarius and Glis glis for DOBV. Phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences implies putative DOBV spillover infection of A. agrarius and G. glis from Apodemus flavicollis. However, future investigations should help to identify the most common natural host and geographical distribution of DOBV in its reservoir hosts in Serbia.

Fig. 1.

[colour online]. (a) Map of Serbia showing location of the trapping site (Ravanica) in the central part of the country, ~150 km south of the capital, Belgrade (indicated by a solid blue triangle). Neighbour-joining phylogenetic trees based on (b) a 212 nt L segment of nine examined DOBV sequences, (c) a 501 nt S segment of 67 examined DOBV sequences. Newly obtained sequences are shaded in blue, the clade with Serbian sequences is outlined in red. For better viewing, some clusters of phylogenetically closely related sequences were compressed to triangles: Af Hungary (KC 848495–848497), Af Slovenia (GU904029, AJ251996, AJ251997), Hu Greece (AF060014–AF060017, AF060024), Ap Hu Russia (JF920150–JF920152, EU188449, AF442622, AF442623), Aa Af Germany (GQ205401–GQ205407, JQ026204, JQ344114), Aa Hu Russia (GQ205393, GQ205395, GQ205398), Aa Russia (EU562989–EU562991), Hu Russia (GQ205394, GQ205396, GQ205397), Aa Hungary (KC848499–KC848501), Aa Slovakia (AY533118, AY533120, AY961615, AY961618). Gg, Glis glis; Aa, Apodemus agrarius; Af, Apodemus flavicollis; Ap, Apodemus ponticus; Hu, human.