Colectomy for Porto-Systemic Encephalopathy: Is it Still Topical?

Abstract

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common long term complication of porto-systemic shunt. We report herein the case of a 59-year-old man with Child-Pugh A cirrhosis treated successfully 9 years earlier with distal splenorenal shunt for uncontrolled variceal bleeding. In the last year, he developed a severe and persistent hepatic encephalopathy secondary to the shunt, which was resistant to medical therapy. As liver transplantation was not available and obliteration of the shunt was hazardous, we performed subtotal colectomy in order to reduce ammonia production. This therapeutic option proved successful, as the grade of encephalopathy decreased and the patient improved. Our experience indicates that colonic exclusion should be considered as an option in the management of HE refractory to medical treatment in highly selected patients when liver transplantation is not available or even as a bridge given the long waiting time on lists.

Keywords: ammonia; colectomy; distal splenorenal shunt; hepatic encephalopathy; porto-systemic shunt.

Figure 1.

Cerebral magnetic resonance showing hyperintensity of the globus pallidus on T1.