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Review
. 2014 Mar;47(2):135-40.
doi: 10.5946/ce.2014.47.2.135. Epub 2014 Mar 31.

Sedation regimens for gastrointestinal endoscopy

Sung-Hoon Moon  1
Affiliations
Review

Sedation regimens for gastrointestinal endoscopy

Sung-Hoon Moon. Clin Endosc. 2014 Mar.

Abstract

Sedation allows patients to tolerate unpleasant endoscopic procedures by relieving anxiety, discomfort, or pain. It also reduces a patient's risk of physical injury during endoscopic procedures, while providing the endoscopist with an adequate setting for a detailed examination. Sedation is therefore considered by many endoscopists to be an essential component of gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopic sedation by nonanesthesiologists is a worldwide practice and has been proven effective and safe. Moderate sedation/analgesia is generally accepted as an appropriate target for sedation by nonanesthesiologists. This focused review describes the general principles of endoscopic sedation, the detailed pharmacology of sedatives and analgesics (focused on midazolam, propofol, meperidine, and fentanyl), and the multiple regimens available for use in actual practice.

Keywords: Analgesia; Endoscopic sedation; Endoscopy; Sedation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author has no financial conflicts of interest.

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