Neonatal endocrine emergencies: a primer for the emergency physician

Abstract

The resuscitation principles of securing the airway and stabilizing hemodynamics remain the same in any neonatal emergency. However, stabilizing endocrine disorders may prove especially challenging. Several organ systems are affected simultaneously and the clinical presentation can be subtle. Although not all-inclusive, the implementation of newborn screening tests has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality in neonates. Implementing routine screening tests worldwide and improving the accuracy of present tests remains the challenge for healthcare providers. With further study of these disorders and best treatment practices we can provide neonates presenting to the emergency department with the best possible outcomes.

Keywords: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia; Hypocalcemia; Hypoglycemia; Hyponatremia; Hypothyrodism; Jaundice; Neonatal emergencies.