Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2014 Apr 27:13:32.
doi: 10.1186/1475-9276-13-32.

Gender and regional disparities of tuberculosis in Hunan, China

Mengshi Chen, Abuaku Benjamin Kwaku, Youfang Chen, Xin Huang, Hongzhuan Tan  1 , Shi Wu Wen
Affiliations

Gender and regional disparities of tuberculosis in Hunan, China

Mengshi Chen et al. Int J Equity Health. .

Abstract

Introduction: Major efforts have been made to improve the health care system in Hunan province, China. The aims of this study were to assess whether and to what extent these efforts have impacted on gender and regional disparities of Tuberculosis (TB) incidence in recent years, especially for less developed areas.

Methods: We obtained data from the 2005-2009 China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP)to conduct this study in Hunan province. Counties within the province were divided into four regions according to quartiles based on the 2007 per capita GDP. Index of Disparity (ID) and Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were used to measure the disparities of TB incidence in relation to gender and region. Bootstrap technique was used to increase the precision.

Results: The average annual incidence of TB was 111.75 per 100,000 in males and 43.44 per 100 000 in females in Hunan. The gender disparity was stable, with ID from 42.34 in 2005 to 43.92 in 2009. For regional disparity, ID, RII (mean) and RII (ratio) decreased significantly from 2005 to 2009 in males (P < 0.05) but remained stable among the female population.

Conclusions: As interventions such as introduction of the New Rural Cooperative Scheme put in place to reduce health disparities in China, regional disparity in relation to incidence of TB decreased significantly, but the gender disparity remains in the Hunan province.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
ID of TB incidence in different SES regions in Hunan, Stratified by gender, 2005–2009. *time trend, P<0.05.
Figure 2
Figure 2
RII (mean) of TB incidence in different SES regions in Hunan, Stratified by gender, 2005–2009. *time trend, P<0.05.
Figure 3
Figure 3
RII (ratio) of TB incidence in different SES regions in Hunan, Stratified by gender, 2005–2009. *time trend, P<0.05.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Kavanagh AM, Krnjacki L, Beer A, Lamontagne AD, Bentley R. Time trends in socio-economic inequalities for women and men with disabilities in Australia: evidence of persisting inequalities. Int J Equity Health. 2013;12(1):73. doi: 10.1186/1475-9276-12-73. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Jarvandi S, Yan Y, Schootman M. Income disparity and risk of death: the importance of health behaviors and other mediating factors. PloS One. 2012;7(11):e49929. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049929. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Nguyen KH, Jimenez-Soto E, Dayal P, Hodge A. Disparities in child mortality trends: what is the evidence from disadvantaged states in India? the case of Orissa and Madhya Pradesh. Int J Equity Health. 2013;12(1):45. doi: 10.1186/1475-9276-12-45. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Nyarko KA, Lopez-Camelo J, Castilla EE, Wehby GL. Explaining racial disparities in infant health in Brazil. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(9):1675–1684. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301021. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kunst AE BV, Mackenbach JP. Guidelines for Monitoring Health Inequalities in the European Union. Rotterdam: the Netherlands: Department of Public Health; 2001.