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. 2014;33(2):83-93.
doi: 10.1080/10550887.2014.909695.

Relationships between trait urgency, smoking reinforcement expectancies, and nicotine dependence

Raina D Pang  1 , Marianne S Hom, Bree A Geary, Neal Doran, Nichea S Spillane, Casey R Guillot, Adam M Leventhal
Affiliations

Relationships between trait urgency, smoking reinforcement expectancies, and nicotine dependence

Raina D Pang et al. J Addict Dis. 2014.

Abstract

Urgency (i.e., the tendency to act rashly during negative/positive affect) may increase vulnerability to a variety of risky behaviors. This cross-sectional study of nontreatment-seeking smokers examined the relationship between urgency, level of nicotine dependence, and smoking reinforcement expectancies. Both positive and negative urgency were associated with nicotine dependence. Mediational analyses illustrated that smoking reinforcement expectancies significantly accounted for urgency-dependence relations, with negative reinforcement expectancies displaying incremental mediational effects. If replicated and extended, these findings may support the use of treatments that modify beliefs regarding smoking reinforcement outcomes as a means of buffering the risk of nicotine dependence carried by urgency.

Keywords: Urgency; impulsivity; nicotine dependence; smoking expectancies.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None of the authors report a conflict of interest related to submission of this manuscript.

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