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Review
. 2014 May 1;4(5):a018408.
doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a018408.

MYC regulation of cell growth through control of transcription by RNA polymerases I and III

Kirsteen J Campbell  1 , Robert J White
Affiliations
Review

MYC regulation of cell growth through control of transcription by RNA polymerases I and III

Kirsteen J Campbell et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. .

Abstract

MYC's tumorigenic potential involves increased ribosome biogenesis and translational capacity, which supply the cell with protein required for enhanced cell growth and subsequent cell division. In addition to activation of protein-encoding genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II, MYC must stimulate transcription by RNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase III to meet this synthetic demand. In the past decade our knowledge of the mechanisms and importance of MYC regulation of RNA polymerases I and III has flourished. Here we discuss MYC's influence on transcription by these "odd" RNA polymerases and the physiological impact of this regulation is evaluated with relevance to cancer development and treatment.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Assembly of Pol I apparatus on rDNA. The SL1 complex, UBF, and Rrn3 proteins are basal Pol I transcription factors. Arrow begins at transcription start site.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Assembly of Pol III apparatus on tRNA and 5S rRNA genes. TFIIIB and TFIIIC complexes are basal Pol III transcription factors. TFIIIA is required for TFIIIC recruitment to the 5S rRNA gene. Arrow begins at transcription start site. Shaded areas in tRNA and 5S rRNA genes indicate internal promoter regions.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
MYC regulates Pol I and Pol III at multiple levels to stimulate protein synthesis and cell growth.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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