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. 2014 Mar 23:2014:807086.
doi: 10.1155/2014/807086. eCollection 2014.

Antimicrobial effects of dental luting glass ionomer cements on Streptococcus mutans

Sina Klai  1 , Markus Altenburger  1 , Bettina Spitzmüller  1 , Annette Anderson  1 , Elmar Hellwig  1 , Ali Al-Ahmad  1
Affiliations

Antimicrobial effects of dental luting glass ionomer cements on Streptococcus mutans

Sina Klai et al. ScientificWorldJournal. .

Abstract

Objective: To reduce secondary caries, glass ionomer luting cements are often used for cementing of indirect restorations. This is because of their well-known antimicrobial potential through the release of fluoride ions. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of five dental luting cements which were based on glass ionomer cement technology.

Methods: Five different glass ionomer based luting cements were tested for their antimicrobial effects on Streptococcus mutans in two different experimental setups: (i) determination of colony-forming units (CFUs) in a plate-counting assay; (ii) live/dead staining (LDS) and fluorescence microscopy. All experiments were conducted with or without prior treatment of the materials using sterilized human saliva. Antimicrobial effects were evaluated for adherent and planktonic bacteria. Bovine enamel slabs (BES) were used as negative control. BES covered with 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) served as positive control.

Results: Each of the tested materials significantly reduced the number of initially adhered CFUs; this reduction was even more pronounced after prior incubation in saliva. Antimicrobial effects on adherent bacteria were confirmed by live-dead staining.

Conclusion: All five luting cements showed an antimicrobial potential which was increased by prior incubation with human saliva, suggesting an enhanced effect in vivo.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bacterial count [CFU/mL] of adherent (a) and planktonic (b) bacteria after 4 h incubation of the different ionomer glass cement materials with log phase Streptococcus mutans. The y-axis shows the CFU/mL.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Bacterial count [CFU/mL] of adherent (a) and planktonic (b) bacteria after 4 h incubation of the different ionomer glass cement materials with log phase S. mutans. The materials were deposited for one week in sterile human saliva before testing. The y-axis shows the CFU/mL.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Dead adherent bacteria on the different ionomer glass cement materials in percent after live/dead staining. The materials were incubated with Streptococcus mutans for 2 h.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Visualization of adherent bacteria (Streptococcus mutans) using epifluorescence microscopy and live/dead staining (1000-fold magnification). Green fluorescent cells depict active bacteria, whereas red fluorescent cells show dead ones. (a) Glass ionomer material; (b) negative control (bovine enamel).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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