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. 2014 May 7;9(5):e93795.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093795. eCollection 2014.

Metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in an adult Korean population: results from the Korean National Health Screening

Yong Un Kang  1 , Ha Yeon Kim  1 , Joon Seok Choi  1 , Chang Seong Kim  1 , Eun Hui Bae  1 , Seong Kwon Ma  1 , Soo Wan Kim  1
Affiliations

Metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in an adult Korean population: results from the Korean National Health Screening

Yong Un Kang et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: This study was aimed to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the association between MS and its components with CKD in Korea.

Methods: We excluded diabetes to appreciate the real impact of MS and performed a cross-sectional study using the general health screening data of 10,253,085 (48.86 ± 13.83 years, men 56.18%) participants (age, ≥ 20 years) from the Korean National Health Screening 2011. CKD was defined as dipstick proteinuria ≥ 1 or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2).

Results: The prevalence of CKD was 6.15% (men, 5.37%; women, 7.15%). Further, 22.25% study population had MS (abdominal obesity, 27.98%; hypertriglyceridemia, 30.09%; low high-density cholesterol levels, 19.74%; high blood pressure, 43.45%; and high fasting glucose levels, 30.44%). Multivariate-adjusted analysis indicated that proteinuria risk increased in participants with MS (odds ratio [OR] 1.884, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.867-1.902, P<0.001). The presence of MS was associated with eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (OR 1.364, 95% CI 1.355-1.373, P<0.001). MS individual components were also associated with an increased CKD risk. The strength of association between MS and the development of CKD increase as the number of components increased from 1 to 5. In sub-analysis by men and women, MS and its each components were a significant determinant for CKD.

Conclusions: MS and its individual components can predict the risk of prevalent CKD for men and women.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components according to chronic kidney disease stages.
(A) Overall. (B) Men. (C) Women.
Figure 2
Figure 2. The prevalence of markers of chronic kidney disease according to number of metabolic syndrome components.
(A) Overall. (B) Men. (C) Women.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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