Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2014 Oct;59(10):2488-96.
doi: 10.1007/s10620-014-3181-8. Epub 2014 May 9.

GERD symptoms in the general population: prevalence and severity versus care-seeking patients

Erica Cohen  1 , Roger Bolus, Dinesh Khanna, Ron D Hays, Lin Chang, Gil Y Melmed, Puja Khanna, Brennan Spiegel
Affiliations

GERD symptoms in the general population: prevalence and severity versus care-seeking patients

Erica Cohen et al. Dig Dis Sci. 2014 Oct.

Abstract

Background: Prior estimates suggest that up to 40% of the US general population (GP) report symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, symptoms in the GP versus patients seeking care for gastrointestinal (GI) complaints have not been compared. We estimated the prevalence and severity of GERD symptoms in the GP versus GI patients, and identified predictors of GERD severity. We hypothesized that similar to functional GI disorders, psychosocial factors would predict symptom severity in GERD as much, or perhaps more, than care-seeking behavior alone.

Methods: We compared the prevalence of heartburn and regurgitation between a sample from the US GP and patients seeking GI specialty care. We compared GERD severity between groups using the NIH PROMIS(®) GERD scale. We then performed multivariable regression to identify predictors of GERD severity.

Results: There was no difference in the prevalence of heartburn between the GP and patient groups (59 vs. 59%), but regurgitation was more common in patients versus GP (46 vs. 39%; p = 0.004). In multivariable regression, having high visceral anxiety (p < 0.001) and being divorced or separated (p = 0.006) were associated with higher GERD severity.

Conclusions: More than half of a GP sample reports heartburn-higher than previous series and no different from GI patients. Although regurgitation was more prevalent in patients versus the GP, there was no difference in GERD severity between groups after adjusting for other factors; care seeking in GERD appears related to factors beyond symptoms, including visceral anxiety.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
NIH PROMIS® GERD Scale
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
NIH PROMIS® GERD Scale
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Independent predictors of GERD symptom severity. This figure shows differences in NIH PROMIS GERD scores between those with versus without the variable of interest, after controlling for other factors. In this figure, the X-axis represents the mean score. Every 10 units on the PROMIS scale equal one standard deviation from the mean
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Tack J, Becher A, Mulligan C, et al. Systematic review: the burden of disruptive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease on health-related quality of life. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012;35:1257–1266. - PubMed
    1. Becher A, El-Serag H. Systematic review: the association between symptomatic response to proton pump inhibitors and health-related quality of life in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;34:618–627. - PubMed
    1. El-Serag HB. Time trends of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5:17–26. - PubMed
    1. A Gallup survey on heartburn across America. The Gallup Organization, Inc.; Princeton, NJ: 1988.
    1. Agreus L, Svardsudd K, Talley NJ, et al. Natural history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and functional abdominal disorders: a population-based study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96:2905–2914. - PubMed

Publication types