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. 2014 Jun;13(2):184-8.
doi: 10.1007/s12663-013-0502-y. Epub 2013 Mar 30.

Incidence and pattern of maxillofacial trauma due to road traffic accidents: a prospective study

Amit Agnihotri  1 , Dhanaram Galfat  2 , Deepshikha Agnihotri  1
Affiliations

Incidence and pattern of maxillofacial trauma due to road traffic accidents: a prospective study

Amit Agnihotri et al. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2014 Jun.

Abstract

Background: The incidence and causes of road traffic accidents (RTAs) vary with geographical location, socioeconomic status, religion and era. The etiological factors and associated injury patterns may be important in planning for preventive measures and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze the etiological factors, patterns and the frequency of maxillofacial injuries due to RTAs.

Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted on 350 patients with facial trauma due to RTAs. Records related to age, sex, the cause of the RTA, the vehicle type, time to reach the hospital, the use of seat belts, helmets, and other safety devices were evaluated and reviewed.

Results: Two-wheelers were the most involved (53.71 %) vehicle type and negligence of traffic rules (24 %) was the most common etiological factor. Male to female ratio was 6.3:1. The age group of 21-50 (68.85 %) years was mostly affected. The nasal bone (29.14 %) was most often the site of fracture followed by mandible (28.0 %). The rate of accident was higher during 1000-1400 hours (23.14 %) period and during weekends (38.0 %). Majority (58.57 %) of victims reached the hospital within 6 h of accident.

Conclusion: The low utilization of safety devices like seat belts and helmets as well as speeding, negligence of traffic rules and reckless driving were identified as etiological factors.

Keywords: Etiological factors; Maxillofacial fracture; Road traffic accidents.

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