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. 2014 May 15;9(5):e97474.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097474. eCollection 2014.

A population-based study examining hepatitis B virus infection and immunization rates in Northwest China

Zhaohua Ji  1 , Tingcai Wang  2 , Zhongjun Shao  1 , Dahong Huang  2 , Anhui Wang  1 , Zhiwen Guo  2 , Yong Long  1 , Lei Zhang  1 , Haixia Su  1 , Qi Zhang  1 , Yongping Yan  1 , Daiming Fan  3
Affiliations

A population-based study examining hepatitis B virus infection and immunization rates in Northwest China

Zhaohua Ji et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background and aim: Current baseline data regarding the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections and the immune status in hyperendemic areas is necessary in evaluating the effectiveness of ongoing HBV prevention and control programs in northwest China. This study aims to determine the prevalence of chronic HBV infections, past exposure rates, and immune response profiles in Wuwei City, northwest China in 2010.

Methods: Cross-sectional household survey representative of the Wuwei City population. 28,579 participants were interviewed in the seroepidemiological survey ≥1 year of age. House to house screening was conducted using a standard questionnaire. All serum samples were screened by enzyme-linked immunoassays for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies against HBV surface antigen, and antibodies to the hepatitis B core antigen.

Results: Among individuals ≥1 year of age, 7.2% (95%CI: 6.3-8.1%) had chronic HBV infections, 43.9% (CI: 40.4-47.4%) had been exposed to HBV, and 23.49% (CI: 21.6-25.3%) had vaccine-induced immunity. Multi-factor weighted logistic regression analysis showed that having household contact with HBV carriers (OR = 2.6, 95%CI: 2.3-3.0) and beauty treatments in public places (OR = 1.2, 95%CI: 1.1-1.3) were the risk factors of HBV infection in whole population. Having household contact with HBV carriers (OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 2.2-6.5) and lack of hepatitis vaccination (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.4-3.3) were the risk factors for HBV infection in children aged 1-14 years.

Conclusions: Hepatitis B infection remains a serious public health problem in northwest China. Having household contact with HBV carriers and beauty treatments in public places represented HBV infection risk factors. Hepatitis B vaccine immunization strategies need further improvement, particularly by targeting the immunization of rural migrant workers.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Flow chart summarizing the sampling method.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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