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. 2014;25(1):15-22.
doi: 10.1294/jes.25.15. Epub 2014 Apr 22.

In vivo measurements of flexor tendon and suspensory ligament forces during trotting using the thoroughbred forelimb model

Toshiyuki Takahashi  1 , Kazutaka Mukai  1 , Hajime Ohmura  1 , Hiroko Aida  1 , Atsushi Hiraga  1
Affiliations

In vivo measurements of flexor tendon and suspensory ligament forces during trotting using the thoroughbred forelimb model

Toshiyuki Takahashi et al. J Equine Sci. 2014.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to create a lower forelimb model of the Thoroughbred horse for measuring the force in the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons (SDFT and DDFT), and the suspensory ligament (SL) during a trot. The mass, centers of gravity, and inertial moments in the metacarpus, pastern, and hoof segments were measured in 4 Thoroughbred horses. The moment arms of the SDFT, DDFT, and SL in the metacarpophalangeal (fetlock) and distal interphalangeal (coffin) joints were measured in 7 Thoroughbred horses. The relationship between the fetlock joint angle and the force in the SL was assessed in 3 limbs of 2 Thoroughbred horses. The forces in the SDFT, DDFT, and SL during a trot were also measured in 7 Thoroughbred horses. The mass of the 3 segments, and the moment arms of the SDFT and DDFT in the fetlock joint of the Thoroughbred horses were smaller than those of the Warmblood horses, whereas the other values were almost the same in the 2 types. The calculated force in the SDFT with this Thoroughbred model reached a peak (4,615 N) at 39.3% of the stance phase, whereas that in the DDFT reached a peak (5,076 N) at 51.2% of the stance phase. The force in the SL reached a peak (11,957 N) at 49.4% of the stance phase. This lower forelimb model of the Thoroughbred can be applied to studying the effects of different shoe types and change of hoof angle for the flexor tendon and SL forces.

Keywords: Thoroughbred; inertial moment; inverse dynamics; segment center of gravity; tendon.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Local reference frame in lower forelimb.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Calculated mean force of superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT), and suspensory ligament (SL) during a trot. The thin lines represent values of ± 1 standard error of the mean value.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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