Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2014 Apr;4(2):126-37.
doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-3652.2013.09.03.

Myocardial T1 mapping: modalities and clinical applications

Christine L Jellis  1 , Deborah H Kwon  1
Affiliations
Review

Myocardial T1 mapping: modalities and clinical applications

Christine L Jellis et al. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2014 Apr.

Abstract

Myocardial fibrosis appears to be linked to myocardial dysfunction in a multitude of non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. Accurate non-invasive quantitation of this extra-cellular matrix has the potential for widespread clinical benefit in both diagnosis and guiding therapeutic intervention. T1 mapping is a cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging technique, which shows early clinical promise particularly in the setting of diffuse fibrosis. This review will outline the evolution of T1 mapping and the various techniques available with their inherent advantages and limitations. Histological validation of this technique remains somewhat limited, however clinical application in a range of pathologies suggests strong potential for future development.

Keywords: T1 mapping; extracellular volume; modified Look Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI); myocardial fibrosis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pre- and post-gadolinium (Gd) contrast dispersion in normal versus fibrotic myocardium.
Figure 2
Figure 2
MOLLI technique: pre-contrast (A) and post-contrast (B) T1 maps of the mid left ventricle left ventricle in short-axis view with the epicardium (white circle), endocardium (large red circle) and blood-pool (small red circle) outlined. An exponential recovery curve of signal intensities at different inversion times (TI) determines the myocardial (green line) and blood-pool (red line) T1 values which can then be used (with hematocrit) to determine the extracellular volume.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Sugihara N, Genda A, Shimizu M, et al. Diastolic dysfunction and its relation to myocardial fibrosis in essential hypertension. J Cardiol 1988;18:353-61 - PubMed
    1. Ling LH, Kistler PM, Ellims AH, et al. Diffuse ventricular fibrosis in atrial fibrillation: noninvasive evaluation and relationships with aging and systolic dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012;60:2402-8 - PubMed
    1. McLenachan JM, Dargie HJ. Ventricular arrhythmias in hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy. Relationship to coronary artery disease, left ventricular dysfunction, and myocardial fibrosis. Am J Hypertens 1990;3:735-40 - PubMed
    1. Picano E, Pelosi G, Marzilli M, et al. In vivo quantitative ultrasonic evaluation of myocardial fibrosis in humans. Circulation 1990;81:58-64 - PubMed
    1. Knaapen P, Boellaard R, Götte MJ, et al. Perfusable tissue index as a potential marker of fibrosis in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Nucl Med 2004;45:1299-304 - PubMed