Normal nerve striations are altered in the trembler-J mouse, a model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

Abstract

Introduction: This study was initiated because it was noted that the peripheral nerves of Trembler-J mice (a model of human Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease) appear to lack normal striations.

Methods: We performed confocal microscopy of whole sciatic nerves and tested the effect of axial stress on impulse conduction.

Results: We found that the axons of mutant mice were longer than those of the wild-type (1.55 mm of axon/mm length of nerve vs. 1.28 mm/mm respectively). This axonal elongation altered the helical nerve striations (bands of Fontana). As nerves were stretched axially, the conduction distance became correspondingly shorter. The effect on latency was significantly greater in the more coiled nerves of Trembler-J mice (P = 0.038).

Conclusions: The finding that mice with a mutated peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) possess excessively long axons may be related to the excess Schwann cell numbers found in this disorder.

Keywords: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease; bands of Fontana; nerve stretch; rat; sciatic nerve.