Growth dynamics of geographically different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal isolates belonging to the 'Rhizophagus clade' under monoxenic conditions

Abstract

The growth dynamics of extraradical mycelium and spore formation of 14 "Rhizophagus" isolates from different sites in Argentina were evaluated under monoxenic conditions. A modified Gompertz model was used to characterize the development of mycelium and spores for each isolate under the same conditions. The lag time, maximal growth rate and total quantity of both extraradical hyphae and spores were determined. Wide variability among isolates was detected, and all growth parameters were significantly altered by fungal isolate. Discriminant analysis differentiated isolates primarily based on the extent of extraradical hyphae produced, yet such differences did not conclusively correspond to phylogenetic relationships among closely related isolates based on partial SSU sequences. Given that the "Rhizophagus" isolates were grown under controlled conditions for many generations, the expression of phenotypic variability could be attributed to genetic differences that are not completely resolved by phylogenetic analysis employing the small ribosomal gene.

Keywords: Glomeromycota; R. irregularis; Rhizophagus intraradices; growth dynamics; in vitro; variability.