Synergic effect of exercise and lipoic acid on protection against kainic acid induced seizure activity and oxidative stress in mice

Abstract

Anti-convulsant effects of physical exercise and lipoic acid (LA), also referred to as thioctic acid with antioxidant activity, were investigated using chemical induced seizure model. We investigated the synergic effect of physical exercise and LA on kainic acid-induced seizure activity caused by oxidative stress. After 8 weeks of swimming training, body weight decreased and endurance capacity increased significantly compared to sedentary mice. Kainic acid (30 mg/kg, i.p.) evoked seizure activity 5 min after injection, and seizure activity peaked approximately 80 min after kainic acid treatment. Median seizure activity score in KA only treated group was 4.55 (range 0.5-5), 3.45 for "LA + KA" group (range 0.5-4.3), 3.12 for "EX + KA" group (range 0.05-3.4, p < 0.05 vs. "KA only" group), 2.13 for "EX + LA + KA" group (range 0.5-3.0, p < 0.05 vs. "EX + KA" group). Also, there was a synergic cooperation of exercise and LA in lowering the mortality in kainic acid treated mice (χ2 = 5.45, p = 0.031; "EX + KA" group vs. "LA + EX + KA" group). In addition, the synergic effect of exercise and LA was found in PGx activity compared to separated treatment ("LA + EX + KA": 37.3 ± 1.36; p < 0.05 vs. "LA + KA" and "EX + KA" group). These results indicate that physical exercise along with LA could be a more efficient method for modulating seizure activity and oxidative stress.